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However, resistance to paclitaxel remains one of the major causes of death associated with treatment failure. Multiple studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play a role in paclitaxel resistance and are associated with both disease progression and metastasis. In the present study, we used a miRNA-encoding lentiviral library as a gain-of-function screen for paclitaxel resistance in the MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line. We identified that miR-181b, miR-29a, miR-30c, miR-196 and miR-1295 conferred a resistant phenotype to cells. The expression of miR-29a also induced resistance to eribulin and vinorelbine, while miR-181b and miR-30c induced resistance to vinorelbine. We measured the levels of these miRNAs in breast cancer patients and observed higher levels of miR-29a in treatment-refractory patients. Taken together, we suggest that miR-29a and miR-181b may be good candidates for miRNA inhibition to overcome resistance to chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252413630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T04:07:40Z","timestamp":1734667660000},"page":"13630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Use of Gain-of-Function Screening to Identify miRNAs Involved in Paclitaxel Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0399-5213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Nemours","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5528-2832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Sol\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibai","family":"Goicoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Personalized Medicine, NASERTIC, Government of Navarra, 31011 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0185-3913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Armesto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2449-444X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Arestin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0359-3641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ander","family":"Urruticoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast Cancer Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"},{"name":"Gipuzkoa Cancer Unit, OSI Donostialdea\u2014Onkologikoa Foundation, Paseo Dr Begiristain 121, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Rezola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Donostia Osakidetza, 20014 Donostia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel \u00c1lvarez","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast Cancer Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"},{"name":"Gipuzkoa Cancer Unit, OSI Donostialdea\u2014Onkologikoa Foundation, Paseo Dr Begiristain 121, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roel","family":"Schaapveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InteRNA Technologies, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InteRNA Technologies, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sino-Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology (SSIAT), Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8882-1131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles H.","family":"Lawrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain"},{"name":"Sino-Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology (SSIAT), Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China"},{"name":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain"},{"name":"Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2008.825","article-title":"Breast Cancer Subtypes Based on ER\/PR and Her2 Expression: Comparison of Clinicopathologic Features and Survival","volume":"7","author":"Onitilo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. 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