{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:49:15Z","timestamp":1787028555017,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003827","name":"Hungarian NRDI Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NKFI-FK-146159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKFI-FK-146159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003827","name":"Hungarian NRDI Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience project","award":["NKFI-FK-146159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKFI-FK-146159"]}]},{"name":"National Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience project","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a serious condition complicated by delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), where inflammation plays a key role. Although altered gut permeability is noted in other conditions, its significance in aSAH remains unclear. Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP-I), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and soluble CD-14 (sCD-14) are established markers of barrier dysfunction. This study investigates gut permeability marker changes in early and late aSAH phases. The study included 177 aSAH patients and 100 controls. Serum samples were collected on days 1 (D1) and 9 (D9) after ictus. FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14 levels were measured via ELISA, and clinical data were recorded. Outcomes were assessed using the 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS 0\u20133 = favorable outcome). Serum FABP-I was significantly lower in aSAH patients (p &lt; 0.05), while LBP and sCD-14 were higher (p &lt; 0.001) compared to controls. FABP-I did not differ between outcome groups, but LBP and sCD-14 were significantly elevated in unfavorable outcomes (p &lt; 0.001). These markers differed in patients without in-hospital infection, with higher levels noted in DCI patients during the later phase (p &lt; 0.05). In aSAH patients without infection, differences in LBP and sCD-14 levels between outcome groups suggest potential endotoxin release from microbial systems, contributing to neuroinflammation and influencing outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26020485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T11:56:22Z","timestamp":1736337382000},"page":"485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients Without In-Hospital Infection on FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Orban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9597-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szabina","family":"Erdo-Bonyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timea","family":"Berki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6149-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tihamer","family":"Molnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1715-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laszlo","family":"Zavori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Saudi German Hospital, Dubai 61313, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Schwarcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9658-153X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoltan","family":"Peterfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4982-2481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Csecsei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7622 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025997","article-title":"Treatment of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage: Guidelines and gaps","volume":"51","author":"Maher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46015-2","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of subarachnoid haemorrhage","volume":"15","author":"Thilak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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