{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:08:07Z","timestamp":1791821287920,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"IINFACTS-CESPU","award":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"]}]},{"name":"IINFACTS-CESPU","award":["2021.05081.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.05081.BD"]}]},{"name":"IINFACTS-CESPU","award":["Norte 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Norte 2020"]}]},{"name":"IINFACTS-CESPU","award":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES and Uni\u00e3o Europeia (UE) for financial support through a Ph.D. fellowship","award":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES and Uni\u00e3o Europeia (UE) for financial support through a Ph.D. fellowship","award":["2021.05081.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.05081.BD"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES and Uni\u00e3o Europeia (UE) for financial support through a Ph.D. fellowship","award":["Norte 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Norte 2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES and Uni\u00e3o Europeia (UE) for financial support through a Ph.D. fellowship","award":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional Regional Norte","award":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"]}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional Regional Norte","award":["2021.05081.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.05081.BD"]}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional Regional Norte","award":["Norte 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Norte 2020"]}]},{"name":"Programa Operacional Regional Norte","award":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"]}]},{"name":"CESPU","award":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AntiCanPro_PI2RL_IINFACTS_2021"]}]},{"name":"CESPU","award":["2021.05081.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.05081.BD"]}]},{"name":"CESPU","award":["Norte 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Norte 2020"]}]},{"name":"CESPU","award":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BD\/CBAS\/CESPU\/01\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral candidiasis is one of the most common infections in the immunocompromised. Biofilms of Candida species can make treatments difficult, leading to oral infection recurrence. This research aimed to isolate a Lactobacillus with anti-Candida effects from the oral cavity. An oral Lactobacillus was isolated in caries-free individuals. The best isolate was evaluated against Candida spp. planktonic and biofilm forms. The bacterial impacts on Candida biofilms\u2019 adhesion to acrylic discs were analyzed through an in vitro test. L. reuteri AJCR4 had the best anti-Candida activity in the preliminary screening. Results were promising in both planktonic and biofilms, particularly with C. albicans SC5314 and C. tropicalis ATCC750, where no viable cells were detected when using the cell-free supernatant (undiluted). In C. glabrata ATCC2001 and C. parapsilosis ATCC22019 biofilms, reductions of 3 Log10 and more than 2 Log10, respectively, were noted when using a cell suspension of L. reuteri ACJR4 (108 CFU\/mL). On polymethyl methacrylate acrylic discs, the cell-free supernatant reduced Candida adhesion, resulting in no viable cell detection on the surface. In conclusion, L. reuteri AJCR4 demonstrated notable antifungal activity against Candida biofilms. This oral isolate and its postbiotic can be a potential alternative strategy to oral candidiasis, especially to treat recalcitrant infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26020638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T03:29:43Z","timestamp":1736825383000},"page":"638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Limosilactobacillus reuteri AJCR4: A Potential Probiotic in the Fight Against Oral Candida spp. Biofilms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5880-4966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Raj\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences\u2014CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4455-4286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P. N.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4270-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana L.","family":"Almeida-Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences\u2014CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4932-7437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Rompante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8633-2230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9lia Fortuna","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences\u2014CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2403-6062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences\u2014CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czajka, K.M., Venkataraman, K., Brabant-Kirwan, D., Santi, S.A., Verschoor, C., Appanna, V.D., Singh, R., Saunders, D.P., and Tharmalingam, S. 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