{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:51:10Z","timestamp":1783486270889,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]],"date-time":"2025-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["113W30305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W30305"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["113W020211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020211"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["113W020214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020214"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["CORPG8N0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG8N0031"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["113W30305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W30305"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["113W020211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020211"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["113W020214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020214"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan","award":["CORPG8N0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG8N0031"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["113W30305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W30305"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["113W020211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020211"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["113W020214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020214"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Sprout Project of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and MOE, Taiwan","award":["CORPG8N0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG8N0031"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2321-B-A49-021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2823-8-A49-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2321-B-A49-015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2321-B-A49-016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC113-2628-B-A49-008-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC112-2636-E-A49-008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113W30305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W30305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113W020211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113W020214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113W020214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011892","name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CORPG8N0031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG8N0031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bisphenol A (BPA) is a prevalent environmental contaminant found in plastics and known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, posing risks to both human health and the environment. Despite its widespread presence, the impact of BPA on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) progression, especially under realistic environmental conditions, is not well understood. This study examined the effects of BPA on PTC using a 3D thyroid papillary tumor spheroid model, which better mimicked the complex interactions within human tissues compared to traditional 2D models. Our findings demonstrated that BPA, at environmentally relevant concentrations, could induce significant changes in PTC cells, including a decrease in E-cadherin expression, an increase in vimentin expression, and reduced thyroglobulin (TG) secretion. These changes suggest that BPA exposure may promote epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT), enhance invasiveness, and reduce cell differentiation, potentially complicating treatment, including by increasing resistance to radioiodine therapy. This research highlights BPA\u2019s hazardous nature as an environmental contaminant and emphasizes the need for advanced in vitro models, like 3D tumor spheroids, to better assess the risks posed by such chemicals. It provides valuable insights into the environmental implications of BPA and its role in thyroid cancer progression, enhancing our understanding of endocrine-disrupting chemicals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26020814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T06:53:32Z","timestamp":1737442412000},"page":"814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Environmental Exposure to Bisphenol A Enhances Invasiveness in Papillary Thyroid Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Chien-Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren-Hao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pin-Hsuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong-You","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Hong","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-Chin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Kai","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4491-0076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Hsiang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Che","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3443-7943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guan-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS<sup>2<\/sup>B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2007.07.010","article-title":"Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA)","volume":"24","author":"Vandenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120478","article-title":"Exposure to Bisphenol A increases malignancy risk of thyroid nodules in overweight\/obese patients","volume":"316","author":"Marotta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.137162","article-title":"A case-control study of urinary concentrations of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer","volume":"312","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2019.34.4.340","article-title":"Bisphenols and thyroid hormone","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2017.001","article-title":"Proteomic Biomarkers for Bisphenol A\u2014Early Exposure and Women\u2019s Thyroid Cancer","volume":"50","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res. Treat"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gorini, F., Bustaffa, E., Coi, A., Iervasi, G., and Bianchi, F. (2020). Bisphenols as Environmental Triggers of Thyroid Dysfunction: Clues and Evidence. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17082654"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13044-023-00153-9","article-title":"Human exposure to pesticides and thyroid cancer: A worldwide systematic review of the literatures","volume":"16","author":"Norouzi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thyroid Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.11.2839","article-title":"Determination of bisphenol A concentrations in human biological fluids reveals significant early prenatal exposure","volume":"17","author":"Ikezuki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Bai, X., Lu, J., Zou, R., Ding, R., and Hua, X. (2023). Assessment of five typical environmental endocrine disruptors and thyroid cancer risk: A meta-analysis. Front. Endocrinol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1283087"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16279","article-title":"Bisphenol A at a human exposed level can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in papillary thyroid carcinoma harbouring BRAFV600E mutation","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.12.012","article-title":"Bisphenol-A acts as a potent estrogen via non-classical estrogen triggered pathways","volume":"355","author":"Ropero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19643","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-13071-w","article-title":"A comprehensive review on the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A: Clues and evidence","volume":"28","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2018.04.004","article-title":"Bisphenol A and its derivatives decrease expression of chemerin, which reverses its stimulatory action in ovarian cancer cells","volume":"291","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2015.03.010","article-title":"IKK\u03b2\/NF-\u03baB mediated the low doses of bisphenol A induced migration of cervical cancer cells","volume":"573","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800265","article-title":"Exposure to bisphenol A and other phenols in neonatal intensive care unit premature infants","volume":"117","author":"Calafat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsen, M., Sinclair, C., Cooke, P., Ziadkhanpour, K., Genden, E., and van Gerwen, M. (2021). Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Thyroid Cancer: An Overview. Toxics, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics9010014"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8459","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-04228-9","article-title":"A mini review of bisphenol A (BPA) effects on cancer-related cellular signaling pathways","volume":"26","author":"Nomiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A435","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac150.905","article-title":"ODP276 Thyroid Cancer Cells Are More Resistant Than Normal Cells to Bisphenol-A Cytotoxic Effect","volume":"6","author":"Rabi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Endocr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.127911","article-title":"Bisphenol A drives di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate promoting thyroid tumorigenesis via regulating HDAC6\/PTEN and c-MYC signaling","volume":"425","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2017.09.002","article-title":"Bisphenol A and estrogen induce proliferation of human thyroid tumor cells via an estrogen-receptor-dependent pathway","volume":"633","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gunti, S., Hoke, A.T.K., Vu, K.P., and London, N.R. (2021). Organoid and Spheroid Tumor Models: Techniques and Applications. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13040874"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.12.005","article-title":"Application of 3D cultured multicellular spheroid tumor models in tumor-targeted drug delivery system research","volume":"270","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2016.11.002","article-title":"3D tumor spheroids: An overview on the tools and techniques used for their analysis","volume":"34","author":"Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katt, M.E., Placone, A.L., Wong, A.D., Xu, Z.S., and Searson, P.C. (2016). In vitro tumor models: Advantages, disadvantages, variables, and selecting the right platform. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2016.00012"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"910","article-title":"2D and 3D cell cultures\u2013a comparison of different types of cancer cell cultures","volume":"14","author":"Kolenda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melnik, D., Sahana, J., Corydon, T.J., Kopp, S., Nassef, M.Z., Wehland, M., Infanger, M., Grimm, D., and Kr\u00fcger, M. (2020). Dexamethasone inhibits spheroid formation of thyroid cancer cells exposed to simulated microgravity. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9020367"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.13857","article-title":"Induction of hypoxia and necrosis in multicellular tumor spheroids is associated with resistance to chemotherapy treatment","volume":"8","author":"Amatruda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salinas-Vera, Y.M., Vald\u00e9s, J., P\u00e9rez-Navarro, Y., Mandujano-Lazaro, G., Marchat, L.A., Ramos-Pay\u00e1n, R., Nu\u00f1ez-Olvera, S.I., P\u00e9rez-Plascencia, C., and L\u00f3pez-Camarillo, C. (2022). Three-Dimensional 3D Culture Models in Gynecological and Breast Cancer Research. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.826113"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3910","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN00524H","article-title":"Chemical analysis of multicellular tumour spheroids","volume":"140","author":"Jamieson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2020.100937","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment affects exogenous sodium\/iodide symporter expression","volume":"14","author":"Guglielmi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.226","article-title":"Spheroid-based drug screen: Considerations and practical approach","volume":"4","author":"Friedrich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saiselet, M., Floor, S., Tarabichi, M., Dom, G., H\u00e9brant, A., van Staveren, W., and Maenhaut, C. (2012). Thyroid cancer cell lines: An overview. Front. Endocrinol., 3.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00133"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20160649","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2016.0649","article-title":"Identifying the necrotic zone boundary in tumour spheroids with pair-correlation functions","volume":"13","author":"Dini","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2010.01.012","article-title":"Multicellular tumor spheroids: An underestimated tool is catching up again","volume":"148","author":"Hirschhaeuser","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-013-1453-x","article-title":"In papillary thyroid carcinoma, TIMP-1 expression correlates with BRAFV600Emutation status and together with hypoxia-related proteins predicts aggressive behavior","volume":"463","author":"Ilie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1677\/ERC-07-0212","article-title":"BRAF(V600E) mutation and the biology of papillary thyroid cancer","volume":"15","author":"Frasca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr.-Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200522758","article-title":"The RET\/PTC-RAS-BRAF linear signaling cascade mediates the motile and mitogenic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells","volume":"115","author":"Melillo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E243","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2624","article-title":"Development and Characterization of Six New Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines","volume":"100","author":"Henderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"111","article-title":"Increased cell compaction can augment the resistance of HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma spheroids to ionizing radiation","volume":"28","author":"Ferrante","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s13206-024-00143-5","article-title":"Optimization of Tumor Spheroid Preparation and Morphological Analysis for Drug Evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"BioChip J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-1077-9","article-title":"Estrogen receptor \u03b2 upregulated by lncRNA-H19 to promote cancer stem-like properties in papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gajda, E., Godlewska, M., Mariak, Z., Nazaruk, E., and Gawel, D. (2020). Combinatory Treatment with miR-7-5p and Drug-Loaded Cubosomes Effectively Impairs Cancer Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145039"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.118.219105","article-title":"Galectin-3 Targeting in Thyroid Orthotopic Tumors Opens New Ways to Characterize Thyroid Cancer","volume":"60","author":"Braeuer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-021-01853-8","article-title":"Challenges of applying multicellular tumor spheroids in preclinical phase","volume":"21","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oh, J.M., Gangadaran, P., Rajendran, R.L., Hong, C.M., Lee, J., and Ahn, B.-C. (2022). Different expression of thyroid-specific proteins in thyroid cancer cells between 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) culture environment. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11223559"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.113734","article-title":"Human health risk assessment of bisphenol A (BPA) through meat products","volume":"213","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1503","article-title":"The Xenoestrogen Bisphenol A Inhibits Postembryonic Vertebrate Development by Antagonizing Gene Regulation by Thyroid Hormone","volume":"150","author":"Heimeier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.24203","article-title":"Bisphenol promotes cell death in healthy respiratory system cells through inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of G2\/M cell cycle arrest","volume":"39","author":"Aysin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urriola-Mu\u00f1oz, P., Lagos-Cabr\u00e9, R., Pati\u00f1o-Garc\u00eda, D., Reyes, J.G., and Moreno, R.D. (2018). Bisphenol-A and Nonylphenol Induce Apoptosis in Reproductive Tract Cancer Cell Lines by the Activation of ADAM17. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082238"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-19-0374","article-title":"Novel three-dimensional cultures provide insights into thyroid cancer behavior","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr.-Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114141","article-title":"Bisphenol A impairs renal function by reducing Na+\/K+-ATPase and F-actin expression, kidney tubule formation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"246","author":"Yoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.115479","article-title":"Bisphenol A is more potent than bisphenol S in influencing the physiological and pathological functions of lungs via inducing lung fibrosis and stimulating metastasis","volume":"264","author":"Yoo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ong, M.S., Deng, S., Halim, C.E., Cai, W., Tan, T.Z., Huang, R.Y.-J., Sethi, G., Hooi, S.C., Kumar, A.P., and Yap, C.T. (2020). Cytoskeletal Proteins in Cancer and Intracellular Stress: A Therapeutic Perspective. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010238"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ditto, M., Jacho, D., Eisenmann, K.M., and Yildirim-Ayan, E. (2023). Extracellular Mechanical Stimuli Alters the Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer Cells within 3D Tissue Matrix. Bioengineering, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10111271"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2007.04.002","article-title":"Biomechanics and biophysics of cancer cells","volume":"3","author":"Suresh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.07.004","article-title":"The critical role of the bone microenvironment in cancer metastases","volume":"310","author":"Casimiro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2021.151793","article-title":"Immunohistochemically detectable thyroglobulin expression in extrathyroidal cancer is 100% specific for thyroidal tumor origin","volume":"54","author":"Steurer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Diagn. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"47","article-title":"Differentiated thyroid cancer: A guide to survivorship care","volume":"52","author":"Anderson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aust. J. Gen. Pract."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.10.035","article-title":"Thyroglobulin in differentiated thyroid cancer","volume":"444","author":"Evans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2007.11.002","article-title":"Thyroglobulin and human thyroid cancer","volume":"388","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindfors, H., Karlsen, M., Karlton, E., Zedenius, J., Larsson, C., Ihre Lundgren, C., Juhlin, C.C., and Shabo, I. (2023). Thyroglobulin expression, Ki-67 index, and lymph node ratio in the prognostic assessment of papillary thyroid cancer. Sci. Rep., 13.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-27684-3"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Indrasena, B.S.H. (2017). Use of thyroglobulin as a tumour marker. World J. Biol. Chem., 8.","DOI":"10.4331\/wjbc.v8.i1.81"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0803","article-title":"Thyroglobulin for Monitoring for Thyroid Cancer Recurrence","volume":"321","author":"Peiris","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tous, C., Mu\u00f1oz-Redondo, C., Gavil\u00e1n, A., Bravo-Gil, N., Baco-Ant\u00f3n, F., Navarro-Gonz\u00e1lez, E., Anti\u00f1olo, G., and Borrego, S. (2024). Delving into the Role of lncRNAs in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Upregulation of LINC00887 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Growth and Invasion. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031587"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, F., Xing, L., and Sun, X. (2022). Towards an era of precise diagnosis and treatment: Role of novel molecular modification-based imaging and therapy for dedifferentiated thyroid cancer. Front. Endocrinol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.980582"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabf3657","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf3657","article-title":"Characterizing dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer by integrated analysis","volume":"7","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.32471\/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-41-no-4.13705","article-title":"Immunocytochemical characteristics of thyrocytes in radioiodine refractory metastases of papillary thyroid cancer","volume":"41","author":"Zelinskaya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19940415)73:8<2206::AID-CNCR2820730828>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Description of a human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line. Morphologic study and expression of tumoral markers","volume":"73","author":"Fabien","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5185","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020209","article-title":"Thyroid Hormone Action Is Disrupted by Bisphenol A as an Antagonist","volume":"87","author":"Moriyama","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2024.108680","article-title":"Bisphenol A exposure and thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy: A systematic review","volume":"129","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2019.104676","article-title":"High bisphenol A concentrations augment the invasiveness of tumor cells through Snail-1\/Cx43\/ERR\u03b3-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition","volume":"62","author":"Ryszawy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. Vitro"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, J., Tian, M., Qin, H., Chen, D., Mzava, S.M., Wang, X., and Bigambo, F.M. (2024). Maternal bisphenols exposure and thyroid function in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front. Endocrinol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1420540"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.02.026","article-title":"Bisphenol A exposure and risk of thyroid nodules in Chinese women: A case-control study","volume":"126","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.06.007","article-title":"The sodium iodide symporter (NIS): Regulation and approaches to targeting for cancer therapeutics","volume":"135","author":"Kogai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s13139-009-0016-1","article-title":"Sodium Iodide Symporter and the Radioiodine Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma","volume":"44","author":"Chung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy107","article-title":"Low Dose of Bisphenol A Modulates Ovarian Cancer Gene Expression Profile and Promotes Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition via Canonical Wnt Pathway","volume":"164","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2020.100899","article-title":"Plasticity of cancer cell invasion: Patterns and mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2024.07.002","article-title":"Polyphyllin VII as a potential medication for targeting epithelial mesenchymal transitionin in thyroid cancer","volume":"156","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2803","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610733104","article-title":"Gene expression and functional evidence of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in papillary thyroid carcinoma invasion","volume":"104","author":"Vasko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.137","article-title":"Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators SNAI2 and TWIST1 in thyroid carcinomas","volume":"26","author":"Buehler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-05012-1","article-title":"Cytosolic Cadherin 4 promotes angiogenesis and metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer by suppressing the ubiquitination\/degradation of \u03b2-catenin","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03350-6","article-title":"TESC promotes differentiated thyroid cancer development by activating ERK and weakening NIS and radioiodine uptake","volume":"81","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-021-02344-6","article-title":"E-cadherin on epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer","volume":"21","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Y.L., Ma, Y., Wu, C., Shiau, C., Segall, J.E., and Wu, M. (2020). Tumor spheroids under perfusion within a 3D microfluidic platform reveal critical roles of cell-cell adhesion in tumor invasion. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66528-2"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0268","article-title":"Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and its association with PD-L1 and CD8 in thyroid cancer","volume":"9","author":"Aghajani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr. Connect."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-023-02703-9","article-title":"Vimentin is required for tumor progression and metastasis in a mouse model of non\u2013small cell lung cancer","volume":"42","author":"Berr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mariscal, L., Miranda, J., Gallego-Guti\u00e9rrez, H., Cano-Cortina, M., and Amaya, E. (2020). Relationship between apical junction proteins, gene expression and cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA)-Biomembr., 1862.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2020.183278"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Usman, S., Waseem, N.H., Nguyen, T.K.N., Mohsin, S., Jamal, A., Teh, M.-T., and Waseem, A. (2021). Vimentin is at the heart of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediated metastasis. Cancers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13194985"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfv073","article-title":"Chronic Exposure to Bisphenol A Reduces Successful Cardiac Remodeling After an Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Male C57bl\/6n Mice","volume":"146","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2021.1935368","article-title":"Combined effect of fulvestrant and low dose BPA: Comparative implications on EMT, apoptosis, and TGF-\u03b21 signaling in HepG2 cells","volume":"45","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1021\/tx500443p","article-title":"Bisphenol A and Nonylphenol Have the Potential to Stimulate the Migration of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Inducing Epithelial\u2013Mesenchymal Transition via an Estrogen Receptor Dependent Pathway","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, D.-Y., Zheng, C.-C., Pan, Q., Wu, S.-S., Su, X., Li, L., Wu, J.-H., and Sun, Z.-Y. (2018). Oral exposure of low-dose bisphenol A promotes proliferation of dorsolateral prostate and induces epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition in aged rats. Sci. Rep., 8.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18869-8"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, H., Lu, T., Kremers, G.-J., Seynhaeve, A.L.B., and ten Hagen, T.L.M. (2020). A microcarrier-based spheroid 3D invasion assay to monitor dynamic cell movement in extracellular matrix. Biol. Proced. Online, 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12575-019-0114-0"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gkretsi, V., and Stylianopoulos, T. (2018). Cell Adhesion and Matrix Stiffness: Coordinating Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis. Front. Oncol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00145"},{"key":"ref_95","unstructured":"Slater, K., Partridge, J., and Nadivada, H. (2025, January 15). Tuning the Elastic Moduli of Corning\u00ae Matrigel\u00ae and Collagen I 3D Matrices by Varying the Protein Concentration. Corning. Available online: https:\/\/www.corning.com\/catalog\/cls\/documents\/application-notes\/CLS-AC-AN-449.pdf."},{"key":"ref_96","unstructured":"Ducheyne, P. (2017). 5.5 Effect of Substrate Modulus on Cell Function and Differentiation. Comprehensive Biomaterials II, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"e52686","article-title":"Three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroid invasion assay","volume":"99","author":"Vinci","year":"2015","journal-title":"JoVE (J. Vis. Exp.)"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e130751","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.130751","article-title":"Fibroblast subtypes define a metastatic matrisome in breast cancer","volume":"5","author":"Brechbuhl","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Z., Fang, Z., and Ma, J. (2021). Regulatory mechanisms and clinical significance of vimentin in breast cancer. Biomed. Pharmacother., 133.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111068"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0921","article-title":"RET\/PTC Rearrangements and BRAF Mutations in Thyroid Tumorigenesis","volume":"148","author":"Ciampi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-9-278","article-title":"Dasatinib reduces FAK phosphorylation increasing the effects of RPI-1 inhibition in a RET\/PTC1-expressing cell line","volume":"9","author":"Caccia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, T., Zhang, X., Guo, T., Yang, T., Gao, Y., Hao, W., and Xiao, X. (2021). Epigenetic Alteration Shaped by the Environmental Chemical Bisphenol A. Front. Genet., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.618966"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7095","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S182721","article-title":"Mechanisms of resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors and clinical update of US Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted therapy in advanced melanoma","volume":"11","author":"Kakadia","year":"2018","journal-title":"OncoTargets Ther."},{"key":"ref_104","first-page":"775","article-title":"Vemurafenib: An evidence-based review of its clinical utility in the treatment of metastatic melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Swaika","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_105","first-page":"485","article-title":"A brief review on the molecular basis of medullary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell J. (Yakhteh)"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Regua, A.T., Najjar, M., and Lo, H.-W. (2022). RET signaling pathway and RET inhibitors in human cancer. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.932353"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.01.027","article-title":"Carcinogenic risk and Bisphenol A exposure: A focus on molecular aspects in endoderm derived glands","volume":"457","author":"Cuomo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Catalano, M.G., Fortunati, N., and Boccuzzi, G. (2012). Epigenetics modifications and therapeutic prospects in human thyroid cancer. Front. Endocrinol., 3.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00040"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alavian-Ghavanini, A., Lin, P.-I., Lind, P.M., Ris\u00e9n Rimfors, S., Halin Lejonklou, M., Dunder, L., Tang, M., Lindh, C., Bornehag, C.-G., and R\u00fcegg, J. (2018). Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure is Linked to Epigenetic Changes in Glutamate Receptor Subunit Gene Grin2b in Female Rats and Humans. Sci. Rep., 8.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29732-9"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2006.16.17","article-title":"PTEN Promoter Methylation in Sporadic Thyroid Carcinomas","volume":"16","author":"Bussaglia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thyroid\u00ae"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.07.001","article-title":"Bisphenol A induce ovarian cancer cell migration via the MAPK and PI3K\/Akt signalling pathways","volume":"229","author":"Ptak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2015.10.011","article-title":"Bisphenol A-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition is mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 up-regulation in human endometrial carcinoma cells","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.11087","article-title":"Roles of ERR\u03b1 and TGF-\u03b2 signaling in stemness enhancement induced by 1 \u00b5M bisphenol A exposure via human neural stem cells","volume":"23","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117472","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro transcriptomics meta-analyses reveal that BPA may affect TGF-beta signaling regardless of the toxicology system employed","volume":"285","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.12.033","article-title":"Estrogen induces endometrial cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the fat mass and obesity-associated gene via PI3K\/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"319","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000035522.63647.D3","article-title":"Leptin Induces Endothelial Cell Migration Through Akt, Which Is Inhibited by PPAR\u03b3-Ligands","volume":"40","author":"Goetze","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, L., Jia, J., Yang, H., Liu, S., Wang, H., Yan, Y., Li, Q., Dong, Q., Zhang, H., and Zhao, G. (2024). Bisphenol A: Unveiling Its Role in Glioma Progression and Tumor Growth. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052504"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwon, Y. (2022). Potential Pro-Tumorigenic Effect of Bisphenol A in Breast Cancer via Altering the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14123021"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Focaccetti, C., Nardozi, D., Benvenuto, M., Lucarini, V., Angiolini, V., Carrano, R., Scimeca, M., Servadei, F., Mauriello, A., and Mancini, P. (2024). Bisphenol-A in Drinking Water Accelerates Mammary Cancerogenesis and Favors an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in BALB\u2013neuT Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116259"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, J., Huang, G., and Guo, T.L. (2016). Developmental Bisphenol A Exposure Modulates Immune-Related Diseases. Toxics, 4.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics4040023"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ratajczak-Wrona, W., Rusak, M., Nowak, K., Dabrowska, M., Radziwon, P., and Jablonska, E. (2020). Effect of bisphenol A on human neutrophils immunophenotype. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59753-2"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.9b00548","article-title":"Bisphenol A Activates an Innate Viral Immune Response Pathway","volume":"19","author":"Sowers","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia, B., Qiu, L., Yue, J., Si, J., and Zhang, H. (2024). The metabolic crosstalk of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor cells: Recent advances and future perspectives. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA)-Rev. Cancer, 1879.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2024.189190"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/2\/814\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T10:31:42Z","timestamp":1759919502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/2\/814"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26020814"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26020814","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,19]]}}}