{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:49:12Z","timestamp":1768481352008,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Croton sylvaticus, a tropical African plant, is traditionally used to treat several diseases, including fever, inflammation, and malaria. Essential oils (EOs) from the plant\u2019s leaves, roots, and trunk bark were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituents identified were virdiflorene (18.13 \u00b1 0.46%) in root EO, (E)-\u03b2-caryophyllene (18.40 \u00b1 0.60%) in trunk bark EO, and farnesyl acetone (15.26 \u00b1 0.25%) in leaf EO. Notably, Cameroonian C. sylvaticus leaf EO exhibited a distinct and newly described chemotype with high levels of farnesyl acetone, \u03b2-copaene-4-\u03b1-ol, \u03b2-cadinene, \u03b1-humulene, and trans-longipinocarveol. In vitro testing revealed significant antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum asexual (Pf3D7) and sexual (NF-54 strain) stages, with trunk bark EO showing the highest potency (IC50: 9.06 \u00b1 2.15 \u00b5g\/mL for Pf3D7 and 0.56 \u00b5g\/mL for gametocytes). These findings support the traditional antimalarial use of C. sylvaticus and represent the first chemical profile and antiplasmodial efficacy report for its root and trunk bark EOs against both parasite stages. To the best of our knowledge, we also report for the first time the antiplasmodial activity of an EO that exerts significant activity against both the asexual and sexual forms of P. falciparum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26020858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T06:53:32Z","timestamp":1737442412000},"page":"858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Antiplasmodial Activity of a New Chemotype of Croton sylvaticus Hochst. Ex C. Krauss Essential Oil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Pierre Leonel K. Tafokeu","family":"Taguimjeu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9311-9945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick St\u00e9phane Fotsing","family":"Fongang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers\u2019 Training College, The University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 55, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8187-8821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manon","family":"Genva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7851-559X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lahngong Methodius","family":"Shinyuy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicine (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, 4000 Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"},{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of T\u00fcbingen, 72074 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Held","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of T\u00fcbingen, 72074 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site T\u00fcbingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0770-9990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Frederich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicine (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, 4000 Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silv\u00e8re Augustin","family":"Ngouela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 812, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2027-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Laure","family":"Fauconnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2023.03.028","article-title":"Current Developments on the Antimalarial, Antileishmanial, and Antitrypanosomal Potential and Mechanisms of Action of Terminalia spp.","volume":"156","author":"Tali","year":"2023","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, April 11). World Malaria Report 2021. 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