{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:42:10Z","timestamp":1787740930773,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["LPI-BT5 Leibniz IPHT 13N15717"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LPI-BT5 Leibniz IPHT 13N15717"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibiotic resistance, in particular the dissemination of carbapenemase-producing organisms, poses a significant threat to global healthcare. This study introduces the qPCR CarbaScan LyoBead assay, a robust, accurate, and efficient tool for detecting key carbapenemase genes, including blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, and blaVIM. The assay utilizes lyophilized beads, a technological advancement that enhances stability, simplifies handling, and eliminates the need for refrigeration. This feature renders it particularly well-suited for point-of-care diagnostics and resource-limited settings. The assay\u2019s capacity to detect carbapenemase genes directly from bacterial colonies without the need for extensive sample preparation has been demonstrated to streamline workflows and enable rapid diagnostic results. The assay demonstrated 100% specificity and sensitivity across a diverse range of bacterial strains, including multiple allelic variants of target genes, facilitating precise identification of resistance mechanisms. Bacterial strains of the species Acinetobacter baumannii, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were utilized as reference material for assay development (n = 9) and validation (n = 28). It is notable that the assay\u2019s long shelf life and minimal operational complexity further enhance its utility for large-scale implementation in healthcare, food safety, and environmental monitoring. The findings emphasize the necessity of continuous surveillance and the implementation of rapid diagnostic methods for the effective detection of resistance genes. Furthermore, the assay\u2019s potential applications in other fields, such as toxin-antitoxin system research and monitoring of resistant bacteria in the community, highlight its versatility. In conclusion, the qPCR CarbaScan LyoBead assay is a valuable tool that can contribute to the urgent need to combat antibiotic resistance and improve global public health outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26031218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T11:08:23Z","timestamp":1738235303000},"page":"1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Rapid Simultaneous Detection of the Clinically Relevant Carbapenemase Resistance Genes blaKPC, blaOXA48, blaVIM and blaNDM with the Newly Developed Ready-to-Use qPCR CarbaScan LyoBead"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Reinicke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), 07745 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Diezel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), 07745 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma","family":"Teimoori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"biotechrabbit GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Haase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"biotechrabbit GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4368-8709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Monecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), 07745 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6612-0043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"Ehricht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), 07745 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sascha D.","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), 07745 Jena, Germany"},{"name":"InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-021-1085-9","article-title":"Gain and loss of antibiotic resistant genes in multidrug resistant bacteria: One Health perspective","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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