{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:46:39Z","timestamp":1791477999720,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Verein Hilfe f\u00fcr Krebskranke e.V. N\u00fcrnberg"},{"name":"F\u00f6rderverein der PMU in N\u00fcrnberg e.V."},{"name":"Stifterverband f\u00fcr die Deutsche Wissenschaft e.V."},{"name":"Janssen-Cilag GmbH"},{"name":"IntelliStem, Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In treating cancer, immunotherapy has been established as a later-line treatment option in clinical practice. That includes stem cell transplantation, modified or activated immune cells, and antibodies directed against aberrant cells. As an unconventional immune cell subgroup, \u03b3\u03b4 T cells have been shown to provide effects against malignant cells. They exhibit an MHC-independent activation process, which could diminish graft-versus-host disease after an adoptive transfer of allogeneic cells. Over the last years, the efficacy of therapeutic antibodies has been improved. As a bi-specific antibody, mosunetuzumab binds to both CD3 and CD20, thereby providing close proximity between effector and target cells. Here, we set out to analyze the efficiency of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells\u2019 anti-tumor effects in combination with mosunetuzumab vs. the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab. Mosunetuzumab revealed improved responses of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells regarding their expression of IFN-\u03b3 and CD107a and their cytotoxicity towards malignant B cells from lymphoma B cell lines. In comparison to obinutuzumab, mosunetuzumab led to an equivalent or enhanced cytotoxicity against B cell lymphoma cell lines and primary patient samples, where this effect was even more prominent. In summary, we consider the combination of stimulated \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and mosunetuzumab to be a promising therapeutic approach for future clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26031262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T04:36:51Z","timestamp":1738557411000},"page":"1262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Two Are Better than One: The Bi-Specific Antibody Mosunetuzumab Reveals an Improved Immune Response of V\u03b39V\u03b42 T Cells Targeting CD20 in Malignant B Cells in Comparison to the Mono-Specific Antibody Obinutuzumab"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Lothar","family":"Marischen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Fritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8197-9845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovana","family":"Ilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Wahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Bertsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1276-6639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Knop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4902-9771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Bold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313984","article-title":"Obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions","volume":"370","author":"Goede","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. 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