{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:23:11Z","timestamp":1791400991201,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"IGA UP project","award":["PrF-2025-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PrF-2025-001"]}]},{"name":"IGA UP project","award":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004581"]}]},{"name":"TowArds Next GENeration Crops","award":["PrF-2025-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PrF-2025-001"]}]},{"name":"TowArds Next GENeration Crops","award":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.01.01\/00\/22_008\/0004581"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical known to modulate plant metabolism through crosstalk with phytohormones (especially ABA, SA, JA, and ethylene) and other signaling molecules (ROS, H2S, melatonin), and to regulate gene expression (by influencing DNA methylation and histone acetylation) as well as protein function through post-translational modifications (cysteine S-nitrosation, metal nitrosation, tyrosine nitration, nitroalkylation). Recently, NO has gained attention as a molecule promoting crop resistance to stress conditions. Herein, we review innovations from the NO field and nanotechnology on an up-to-date phytopathological background.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26052087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T03:37:57Z","timestamp":1740627477000},"page":"2087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Progress in Plant Nitric Oxide Studies: Implications for Phytopathology and Plant Protection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2319-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela","family":"Sedl\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, \u0160lechtitel\u016f 27, 779 00 Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9132-6916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tereza","family":"Jedelsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemisty, Faculty of Science, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, \u0160lechtitel\u016f 27, 779 00 Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3601-583X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ale\u0161","family":"Lebeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, \u0160lechtitel\u016f 27, 779 00 Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1579-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Pet\u0159ivalsk\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemisty, Faculty of Science, Palack\u00fd University Olomouc, \u0160lechtitel\u016f 27, 779 00 Olomouc-Holice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiab590","article-title":"Plant autoimmunity-fresh insights into an old phenomenon","volume":"188","author":"Freh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Discovery of endogenous nitroxyl as a new redox player in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"9","author":"Suarez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20085","article-title":"Interorgan, intraorgan and interplant communication mediated by nitric oxide and related species","volume":"244","author":"Kolbert","year":"2024","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Wang, R., Wang, X., Zhao, C., Shen, H., and Yang, L. (2023). Nitric Oxide Regulates Seed Germination by Integrating Multiple Signalling Pathways. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24109052"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2024.07.002","article-title":"Unlocking the versatility of nitric oxide in plants and insights into its molecular interplays under biotic and abiotic stress","volume":"150","author":"Kumari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corpas, F.J. (2024). NO and H2S Contribute to Crop Resilience against Atmospheric Stressors. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25063509"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freschi, L. (2013). Nitric oxide and phytohormone interactions: Current status and perspectives. Front. Plant Sci., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2013.00398"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simontacchi, M., Galatro, A., Ramos-Artuso, F., and Santa-Mar\u00eda, G.E. (2015). Plant Survival in a Changing Environment: The Role of Nitric Oxide in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress. Front. Plant Sci., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2015.00977"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graska, J., Fidler, J., Gietler, M., Prabucka, B., Nykiel, M., and Labudda, M. (2023). Nitric Oxide in Plant Functioning: Metabolism, Signaling, and Responses to Infestation with Ecdysozoa Parasites. Biology, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12070927"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, M., Ali, S., Al Azzawi, T.N.I., and Yun, B.-W. (2023). Nitric Oxide Acts as a Key Signaling Molecule in Plant Development under Stressful Conditions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054782"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain, A., Faheem, B., Jang, H.-S., Lee, D.-S., Mun, B.-G., Rolly, N.K., and Yun, B.-W. (2024). Melatonin\u2013Nitric Oxide Crosstalk in Plants and the Prospects of NOMela as a Nitric Oxide Donor. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158535"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18073","article-title":"Nitric oxide-releasing nanomaterials: From basic research to potential biotechnological applications in agriculture","volume":"234","author":"Seabra","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1281928","article-title":"Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms","volume":"258","author":"Stamler","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2015.05.002","article-title":"Breathing new life into nitric oxide signaling: A brief overview of the interplay between oxygen and nitric oxide","volume":"5","author":"Thomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mur, L.A., Mandon, J., Persijn, S., Cristescu, S.M., Moshkov, I.E., Novikova, G.V., Hall, M.A., Harren, F.J.M., Hebelstrup, K.H., and Gupta, K.J. (2013). Nitric oxide in plants: An assessment of the current state of knowledge. AoB Plants, 5.","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/pls052"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allagulova, C.R., Lubyanova, A.R., and Avalbaev, A.M. (2023). Multiple Ways of Nitric Oxide Production in Plants and Its Functional Activity under Abiotic Stress Conditions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411637"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/jexbot\/53.366.103","article-title":"Regulation of nitric oxide (NO) production by plant nitrate reductase in vivo and in vitro","volume":"53","author":"Rockel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.4161\/psb.1.2.2435","article-title":"Nitric oxide production in plants","volume":"2","author":"Planchet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Signal. Behav."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2009.08.013","article-title":"Involvement of nitrate reductase (NR) in osmotic stress-induced NO generation of Arabidopsis thaliana L. roots","volume":"167","author":"Kolbert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4875","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ers166","article-title":"Nitric oxide is essential for vesicle formation and trafficking in Arabidopsis root hair growth","volume":"63","author":"Lombardo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohn, M.A., Thaqi, B., and Fischer-Schrader, K. (2019). Isoform-specific NO synthesis by Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate reductase. Plants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants8030067"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reda, M., Kaba\u0142a, K., Stanis\u0142awski, J., Szczepski, K., and Janicka, M. (2025). Regulation of NO-generating system activity in cucumber root response to cold. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26041599"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erj058","article-title":"Formation and possible roles of nitric oxide in plant roots","volume":"57","author":"Stremlau","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12739","article-title":"A dual system formed by the ARC and NR molybdoenzymes mediates nitrite-dependent NO production in Chlamydomonas","volume":"39","author":"Llamas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5656","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16450","article-title":"Characterization of the amidoxime reducing components ARC1 and ARC2 from Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"289","author":"Maiber","year":"2022","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)00430-X","article-title":"Xanthine oxidoreductase catalyses the reduction of nitrates and nitrite to nitric oxide under hypoxic conditions","volume":"427","author":"Millar","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36729","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.51.36729","article-title":"Localization of nitric-oxide synthase in plant peroxisomes","volume":"274","author":"Barroso","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14637","article-title":"Nitric oxide regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in plants","volume":"46","author":"Kumari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erf110","article-title":"Generation and possible roles of NO in plant roots and their apoplastic space","volume":"53","author":"Ullrich","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.017822","article-title":"Apoplastic synthesis of nitric oxide by plant tissues","volume":"16","author":"Bethke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102460","article-title":"Light-mediated conversion of nitrogen dioxide to nitric oxide by carotenoids","volume":"102","author":"Cooney","year":"1994","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeandroz, S., Wipf, D., Stuehr, D.J., Lamattina, L., Melkonian, M., Tian, Z., Zhu, Y., Carpenter, E.J., Wong, G.K.-S., and Wendehenne, D. (2016). Occurrence, structure, and evolution of nitric oxide synthase\u2013like proteins in the plant kingdom. Sci. Signal., 9.","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aad4403"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3816","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.109.073510","article-title":"Characterization of a nitric oxide synthase from the plant kingdom: NO generation from the green alga Ostreococcus tauri is light irradiance and growth phase dependent","volume":"22","author":"Foresi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Correa-Aragunde, N., Foresi, N., Del Castello, F., and Lamattina, L. (2018). A singular nitric oxide synthase with a globin domain found in Synechococcus PCC 7335 mobilizes N from arginine to nitrate. Sci. Rep., 8.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30889-6"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erp077","article-title":"Plant cells oxidize hydroxylamines to NO","volume":"60","author":"Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2011.04.002","article-title":"Polyamines, polyamine oxidases and nitric oxide in development, abiotic and biotic stresses","volume":"181","author":"Wimalasekera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erx105","article-title":"Copper amine oxidase 8 regulates arginine-dependent nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"68","author":"Rudolf","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2023.12.009","article-title":"A new oxidative pathway of nitric oxide production from oximes in plants","volume":"17","author":"Buezo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao, W., Igamberdiev, A.U., and Palma, J.M. (2023). Advances in Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076397"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-024-03290-z","article-title":"Role of protein S-nitrosylation in plant growth and development","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stress.2021.100026","article-title":"Protein nitration: A connecting bridge between nitric oxide (NO) and plant stress","volume":"2","author":"Corpas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Stress"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le\u00f3n, J. (2022). Protein tyrosine nitration in plant nitric oxide signaling. Front. Plant Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.859374"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-006-0425-8","article-title":"Protein tyrosine nitration in hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments","volume":"32","author":"Bartesaghi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00814-3","article-title":"Biological selectivity and functional aspects of protein tyrosine nitration","volume":"305","author":"Ischiropoulos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ert396","article-title":"Dual regulation of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (APX) by tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosylation","volume":"65","author":"Chaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5983","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erv306","article-title":"Differential molecular response of monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase by nitration and S-nitrosylation","volume":"66","author":"Chaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eru458","article-title":"Differential inhibition of Arabidopsis superoxide dismutases by peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration","volume":"66","author":"Holzmeister","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boutin, C., Cl\u00e9ment, C., and Rivoal, J. (2024). Post-Translational Modifications to Cysteine Residues in Plant Proteins and Their Impact on the Regulation of Metabolism and Signal Transduction. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202408.0509.v1"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.104.058719","article-title":"Proteomic identification of S-nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis","volume":"137","author":"Lindermayr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.abr.2015.10.003","article-title":"Chapter Two\u2014S-Nitrosylation of Nuclear Proteins: New Pathways in Regulation of Gene Expression","volume":"77","author":"Kovacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Bot. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ageeva-Kieferle, A., Rudolf, E.E., and Lindermayr, C. (2019). Redox-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling: A New Function of Nitric Oxide as Architect of Chromatin Structure in Plants. Front. Plant Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00625"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.009","article-title":"Expanding roles for S-nitrosylation in the regulation of plant immunity","volume":"194","author":"Borrowman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gordo, S., L\u00f3pez-Jaramillo, J., Palma, J.M., and Corpas, F.J. (2023). Soybean (Glycine max L.) Lipoxygenase 1 (LOX 1) is modulated by nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide: An in vitro approach. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24098001"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14206","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.25.14206","article-title":"Ancient origins of nitric oxide signaling in biological systems","volume":"96","author":"Durner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1569","article-title":"Protein S-nitrosylation: Purview and parameters","volume":"6","author":"Hess","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/35068596","article-title":"A metabolic enzyme for S-nitrosothiol conserved from bacteria to humans","volume":"410","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jahnov\u00e1, J., Luhov\u00e1, L., and Pet\u0159ivalsk\u00fd, M. (2019). S-nitrosoglutathione reductase\u2014The master regulator of protein S-nitrosation in plant NO signaling. Plants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants8020048"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2014.08.003","article-title":"Selective protein denitrosylation activity of thioredoxin-h5 modulates plant immunity","volume":"56","author":"Kneeshaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jedelsk\u00e1, T., Luhov\u00e1, L., and Pet\u0159ivalsk\u00fd, M. (2020). Thioredoxins: Emerging players in the regulation of protein S-nitrosation in plants. Plants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9111426"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treffon, P., and Vierling, E. (2022). Focus on nitric oxide homeostasis: Direct and indirect enzymatic regulation of protein denitrosation reactions in plants. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11071411"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treffon, P., Rossi, J., Gabellini, G., Trost, P., Zaffagnini, M., and Vierling, E. (2021). Quantitative proteome profiling of a S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) null mutant reveals a new class of enzymes involved in nitric oxide homeostasis in plants. Front. Plant Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.787435"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18285","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.011067","article-title":"AKR1A1 is a novel mammalian S-nitroso-glutathione reductase","volume":"294","author":"Stomberski","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2021.146169","article-title":"Phylogenomic classification and synteny network analyses deciphered the evolutionary landscape of aldo\u2013keto reductase (AKR) gene superfamily in the plant kingdom","volume":"816","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, J., Sun, H., Zhang, J., Hou, Y., Zhang, T., Kang, J., Wang, Z., Yang, Q., and Long, R. (2020). Analysis of aldo\u2013keto reductase gene family and their responses to salt, drought, and abscisic acid stresses in Medicago truncatula. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21030754"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3399","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c05961","article-title":"Stress-induced detoxification enzymes in rice have broad substrate affinity","volume":"6","author":"Niranjan","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.09.031","article-title":"Cold stress-induced changes in metabolism of carbonyl compounds and membrane fatty acid composition in chickpea","volume":"192","author":"Javidi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamba, K., Kumar, M., Singh, V., Chaudhary, L., and Gupta, V. (2024). Transcriptome analysis for heat stress related genes in wheat genotype WH-730. Cereal Res. Commun., 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1007\/s42976-024-00595-3"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guan, X., Yu, L., and Wang, A. (2023). Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Aldo-Keto Reductase (AKR) Gene Family in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Solanum lycopersicum. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021272"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1007\/s12298-024-01514-w","article-title":"Small chemical molecules regulating the phytohormone signalling alter the plant\u2019s physiological processes to improve stress adaptation, growth and productivity","volume":"30","author":"Yadav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujii, J., Homma, T., Miyata, S., and Takahashi, M. (2021). Pleiotropic actions of aldehyde reductase (AKR1A). Metabolites, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11060343"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treffon, P., and Vierling, E. (2025). Disrupted nitric oxide homeostasis impacts fertility through multiple processes including protein quality control. Plant Physiol., 197.","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae609"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa331","article-title":"Nitric oxide, other reactive signalling compounds, redox, and reductive stress","volume":"72","author":"Hancock","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16157","article-title":"Recommendations on terminology and experimental best practice associated with plant nitric oxide research","volume":"225","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.02.004","article-title":"S-nitrosoglutathione","volume":"1830","author":"Broniowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta BBA-Gen. Subj."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.167569","article-title":"Ascorbate and glutathione: The heart of the redox hub","volume":"155","author":"Foyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noctor, G., Cohen, M., Tr\u00e9mulot, L., Ch\u00e2tel-Innocenti, G., Van Breusegem, F., and Mhamdi, A. (2024). Glutathione: A key modulator of plant defence and metabolism through multiple mechanisms. J. Exp. Bot., 75.","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erae194"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-021-03777-z","article-title":"Nitro-fatty acids: Electrophilic signaling molecules in plant physiology","volume":"254","author":"Perk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2024.101290","article-title":"Plant and algal lipidomes: Analysis, composition, and their societal significance","volume":"96","author":"Jouhet","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.15.01671","article-title":"Nitro-Fatty Acids in Plant Signaling: Nitro-Linolenic Acid Induces the Molecular Chaperone Network in Arabidopsis","volume":"170","author":"Padilla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.01.002","article-title":"Nitro-fatty acids in plant signaling: New key mediators of nitric oxide metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Padilla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voll\u00e1r, M., Feigl, G., Ol\u00e1h, D., Horv\u00e1th, A., Moln\u00e1r, \u00c1., K\u00fasz, N., \u00d6rd\u00f6g, A., Csupor, D., and Kolbert, Z. (2020). Nitro-Oleic Acid in Seeds and Differently Developed Seedlings of Brassica napus L. Plants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9030406"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa517","article-title":"Role of electrophilic nitrated fatty acids during development and response to abiotic stress processes in plants","volume":"72","author":"Padilla","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aranda-Ca\u00f1o, L., Valderrama, R., Chaki, M., Begara-Morales, J.C., Melguizo, M., and Barroso, J.B. (2022). Nitrated fatty-acids distribution in storage biomolecules during Arabidopsis thaliana development. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11101869"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/29087","article-title":"Nitric oxide functions as a signal in plant disease resistance","volume":"394","author":"Delledonne","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2007.02.005","article-title":"Nitric oxide as a bioactive signalling molecule in plant stress responses","volume":"172","author":"Arasimowicz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2013.06.020","article-title":"Nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in plant biotic interactions","volume":"16","author":"Scheler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sytykiewicz, H., Czerniewicz, P., Ruszczy\u0144ska, M., and Kmie\u0107, K. (2024). The Interplay of Nitric Oxide and Nitrosative Modifications in Maize: Implications for Aphid Herbivory and Drought Stress. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252011280"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.13079","article-title":"Strategies of plants to overcome abiotic and biotic stresses","volume":"99","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05286","article-title":"The plant immune system","volume":"444","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koac041","article-title":"Thirty years of resistance: Zig-zag through the plant immune system","volume":"34","author":"Ngou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Hua, C., Janocha, D., Fliegmann, J., and N\u00fcrnberger, T. (2023). Plant cell surface immune receptors\u2014Novel insights into function and evolution. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 74.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2023.102384"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duggan, C., Moratto, E., Savage, Z., Hamilton, E., Adachi, H., Wu, C.H., Leary, A.Y., Tumtas, Y., Rothery, S.M., and Maqbool, A. (2021). Dynamic localization of a helper NLR at the plant-pathogen interface underpins pathogen recognition. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2104997118"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waheed, A., Haxim, Y., Islam, W., Kahar, G., Liu, X., and Zhang, D. (2022). Role of pathogen\u2019s effectors in understanding host-pathogen interaction. Biochim. Biophys. Acta BBA-Mol. Cell Res., 1869.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2022.119347"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locci, F., and Parker, J.E. (2024). Plant NLR immunity activation and execution: A biochemical perspective. Open Biol., 14.","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.230387"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03315-7","article-title":"Mutual potentiation of plant immunity by cell-surface and intracellular receptors","volume":"592","author":"Ngou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03316-6","article-title":"Pattern-recognition receptors are required for NLR-mediated plant immunity","volume":"592","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, N.-N., and Park, G. (2024). Nitric Oxide in Fungi: Production and Function. J. Fungi, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10020155"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-08-20-0229-CR","article-title":"What are the Top 10 Unanswered Questions in Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions?","volume":"33","author":"Harris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsai, H.-H., Wang, J., Geldner, N., and Zhou, F. (2023). Spatiotemporal control of root immune responses during microbial colonization. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol., 74.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2023.102369"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chowdhury, S., Basu, A., and Kundu, S. (2017). Biotrophy-necrotrophy switch in pathogen evoke differential response in resistant and susceptible sesame involving multiple signaling pathways at different phases. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17248-7"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.028","article-title":"Plant immunity: Danger perception and signaling","volume":"181","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16947","article-title":"Genetics of autoimmunity in plants: An evolutionary genetics perspective","volume":"229","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-11-20-0318-FI","article-title":"Maintaining symbiotic homeostasis: How do plants engage with beneficial microorganisms while at the same time restricting pathogens?","volume":"34","author":"Thoms","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stress.2023.100191","article-title":"Mechanisms of nitric oxide involvement in plant-microbe interaction and its enhancement of stress resistance","volume":"10","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Stress"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2009.00551.x","article-title":"Local and systemic production of nitric oxide in tomato responses to powdery mildew infection","volume":"10","author":"Lebeda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/s41438-021-00469-3","article-title":"Protein S-nitrosation differentially modulates tomato responses to infection by hemi-biotrophic oomycetes of Phytophthora spp","volume":"8","author":"Lochman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hortic. Res."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stress.2023.100258","article-title":"Unraveling the importance of nitric oxide in plant-microbe interaction","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Stress"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Hu, M., Wang, J., Qi, J., Han, Z., Wang, G., Qi, Y., Wang, H.W., Zhou, J.M., and Chai, J. (2019). Reconstitution and structure of a plant NLR resistosome conferring immunity. Science, 364.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav5870"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, S., Lapin, D., Liu, L., Sun, Y., Song, W., Zhang, X., Logemann, E., Yu, D., Wang, J., and Jirschitzka, J. (2020). Direct pathogen-induced assembly of an NLR immune receptor complex to form a holoenzyme. Science, 370.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe3069"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa440","article-title":"Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide modulate the NADPH-generating enzymatic system in higher plants","volume":"72","author":"Corpas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15601-5","article-title":"Regulation of reactive oxygen species during plant immunity through phosphorylation and ubiquitination of RBOHD","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, B., Pan, Q., Cui, W., Wang, Y., Loake, V.I.P., Yuan, S., Liu, F., and Loake, G.J. (2024). S-nitrosylation of a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase regulates plant immunity. Sci. Adv., 10.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk3126"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2702-1","article-title":"The calcium-permeable channel OSCA1.3 regulates plant stomatal immunity","volume":"585","author":"Thor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.19717","article-title":"Activating plant immunity: The hidden dance of intracellular Ca2+ stores","volume":"242","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10427","article-title":"S-nitrosylation of NADPH oxidase regulates cell death in plant immunity","volume":"478","author":"Yun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/nitrogen1010003","article-title":"Assessing nitric oxide (NO) in higher plants: An outline","volume":"1","author":"Corpas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nitrogen"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.13320","article-title":"The function of plant PR1 and other members of the CAP protein superfamily in plant-pathogen interactions","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.01734","article-title":"Nitric Oxide Modulates Histone Acetylation at Stress Genes by Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases","volume":"173","author":"Mengel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guan, Y., Gajewska, J., Sobieszczuk-Nowicka, E., Floryszak-Wieczorek, J., Hartman, S., and Arasimowicz-Jelonek, M. (2024). The effect of nitrosative stress on histone H3 and H4 acetylation in Phytophthora infestans life cycle. Plant Physiol. Biochem., 216.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2024.109129"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erm197","article-title":"Nitric oxide signalling in plants: Interplays with Ca2+ and protein kinases","volume":"59","author":"Courtois","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2011.07.023","article-title":"Identification of a novel Arabidopsis thaliana nitric oxide-binding molecule with guanylate cyclase activity in vitro","volume":"585","author":"Mulaudzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S1360-1385(01)01893-3","article-title":"Nitric oxide: Comparative synthesis and signaling in animal and plant cells","volume":"6","author":"Wendehenne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2023.03.002","article-title":"NO binds to the distal site of haem in the fully activated soluble guanylate cyclase","volume":"134\u2013135","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gross, I., and Durner, J. (2016). In Search of Enzymes with a Role in 3\u2032, 5\u2032-Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Metabolism in Plants. Front. Plant Sci., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00576"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahman, H., Wang, X.-Y., Xu, Y.-P., He, Y.-H., and Cai, X.-Z. (2020). Characterization of tomato protein kinases embedding guanylate cyclase catalytic center motif. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61000-7"},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"21","article-title":"Changes in microtubular alignment in Lactuca spp. (Asteraceae) epidermal cells during early stages of infection by Bremia lactucae (Peronosporaceae)","volume":"41","author":"Lebeda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phyton-Ann. Rei Bot."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12171","article-title":"Microtubules and biotic interactions","volume":"75","author":"Hardham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-07-18-0195-FI","article-title":"Battlefield cytoskeleton: Turning the tide on plant immunity","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14450","article-title":"The plant cytoskeleton takes center stage in abiotic stress responses and resilience","volume":"46","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blume, Y.B., Krasylenko, Y.A., Demchuk, O.M., and Yemets, A.I. (2013). Tubulin tyrosine nitration regulates microtubule organization in plant cells. Front. Plant Sci., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2013.00530"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4194","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M208916200","article-title":"Nitric Oxide-dependent Generation of Reactive Species in Sickle Cell Disease: Actin tyrosine nitration induces defective cytoskeletal polymerization","volume":"278","author":"Aslan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16584","article-title":"Disrupted actin: A novel player in pathogen attack sensing?","volume":"227","author":"Kalachova","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leontovy\u010dov\u00e1, H., Kalachova, T., Trd\u00e1, L., Posp\u00edchalov\u00e1, R., Lamparov\u00e1, L., Dobrev, P.I., Mal\u00ednsk\u00e1, K., Burketov\u00e1, L., Valentov\u00e1, O., and Janda, M. (2019). Actin depolymerization is able to increase plant resistance against pathogens via activation of salicylic acid signalling pathway. Sci. Rep., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46465-5"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.161299","article-title":"Nitric oxide, hormesis and plant biology","volume":"866","author":"Calabrese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10079-1_11","article-title":"\u201cNitrosative Door\u201d in Seed Dormancy Alleviation and Germination","volume":"23","author":"Krasuska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Signal. Commun. Plants"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6337","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erw401","article-title":"Nitrite is the driver, phytohormones are modulators while NO and H2O2 act as promoters of NO2-induced cell death","volume":"67","author":"Kasten","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2024.06.009","article-title":"Nanoscale materials and NO-ROS homeostasis in plants: Trilateral dynamics","volume":"29","author":"Kandhol","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, L., and He, C. (2021). Advances in inorganic-based colloidal nanovehicles functionalized for nitric oxide delivery. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces, 199.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2020.111508"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112713","article-title":"Nanoencapsulation improves the protective effects of a nitric oxide donor on drought-stressed Heliocarpus popayanensis seedlings","volume":"225","author":"Iastrenski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomes, D.G., Debiasi, T.V., Pelegrino, M.T., Pereira, R.M., Ondrasek, G., Batista, B.L., Seabra, A.B., and Oliveira, H.C. (2022). Soil Treatment with Nitric Oxide-Releasing Chitosan Nanoparticles Protects the Root System and Promotes the Growth of Soybean Plants under Copper Stress. Plants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11233245"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2019.01.004","article-title":"Encapsulation of S-nitrosoglutathione into chitosan nanoparticles improves drought tolerance of sugarcane plants","volume":"84","author":"Silveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2023.11.002","article-title":"Exploring the power of nitric oxide and nanotechnology for prolonging postharvest shelf-life and enhancing fruit quality","volume":"142","author":"Silveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2024.07.004","article-title":"Spraying with encapsulated nitric oxide donor reduces weight loss and oxidative damage in papaya fruit","volume":"150","author":"Silveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01667-5","article-title":"Towards realizing nano-enabled precision delivery in plants","volume":"19","author":"Lowry","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erad107","article-title":"Multilevel approach to plant-nanomaterial relationships: From cells to living ecosystems","volume":"74","author":"Oliveira","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stress.2023.100253","article-title":"Small Tech, Big Impact: Agri-nanotechnology Journey to Optimize Crop Protection and Production for Sustainable Agriculture","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Stress"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.121178","article-title":"Emerging trends to replace pesticides with nanomaterials: Recent experiences and future perspectives for ecofriendly environment","volume":"360","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2008.04.001","article-title":"Pathogen-derived nitric oxide influences formation of the appressorium infection structure in the phytopathogenic fungus Blumeria graminis","volume":"159","author":"Prats","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2010.00695.x","article-title":"Flux of nitric oxide between the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea and the host plant","volume":"12","author":"Benito","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2012.04368.x","article-title":"Nitric oxide generated by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae drives plant infection","volume":"197","author":"Samalova","year":"2013","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.abr.2015.10.002","article-title":"Chapter Thirteen\u2014The Role of Nitric Oxide in Development and Pathogenesis of Biotrophic Phytopathogens\u2014Downy and Powdery Mildews","volume":"77","author":"Lebeda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Bot. Res."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.03.038","article-title":"Chitosan nanoparticles mitigate Alternaria leaf spot disease of chilli in nitric oxide dependent way","volume":"180","author":"Sarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.139977","article-title":"The roles of nitric oxide in improving postharvest fruits quality: Crosstalk with phytohormones","volume":"455","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/5\/2087\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:43:13Z","timestamp":1760028193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/5\/2087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"references-count":153,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26052087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26052087","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]}}}