{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T21:48:05Z","timestamp":1768254485136,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Scientific Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31971379"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31971379"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Testicular torsion is a common emergency in adolescents, and can lead to severe ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). LncRNA H19 has been shown to increase during ischemia, but its role in testicular IRI remains unknown. Focusing on this research gap, we utilized H19 biallelic mutant mice and Sertoli cell line (TM4) to construct in vivo and in vitro models of ischemia\/reperfusion (I\/R) and oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation\/reperfusion (OGD\/R). Compared to WT I\/R mice, H19\u2212\/\u2212 I\/R mice showed milder tissue disorganization and cell loss, with a more intact blood\u2013testis barrier (BTB). The cell viability decreased, ROS levels and apoptosis-related factors such as Bax\/Bcl-2 increased in TM4 cells after OGD\/R, whereas these changes were reversed when H19 was knocked down followed by OGD\/R (si-H19+OGD\/R). In contrast, over-expression of H19 in TM4 cells exacerbates OGD\/R-induced cell apoptosis. Through in-depth analysis of KEGG-enriched pathways, the PI3K\/AKT pathway was identified as a potential target of H19 modulation. Western blotting confirmed that, in OGD\/R cells, elevated H19 levels were accompanied by the excessive AKT phosphorylation and the tight junction marker ZO-1 degradation; and in si-H19+OGD\/R cells, the decreased AKT phosphorylation was recovered and the up-regulated ZO-1 expression was weakened simultaneously via using the AKT activator SC79. These results suggest that inhibiting H19 in OGD\/R cells might preserve the integrity of the BTB by reversing the excessive phosphorylation of AKT. Moreover, H19 deficiency in si-H19+OGD\/R cells alleviated the disturbances in glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism. Our study indicates that H19 might be a potential therapeutic target for clinic testicular I\/R treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26052134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T02:48:37Z","timestamp":1740710917000},"page":"2134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Inhibition of LncRNA H19 Attenuates Testicular Torsion-Induced Apoptosis and Preserves Blood\u2013Testis Barrier Integrity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Linxin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhibao","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sijing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Limin","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9705-7964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yixi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meishuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianxu","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiyun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junjun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinbo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Duo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Center, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9624-3706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01688-x","article-title":"Ischemia-reperfusion injury: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2507","article-title":"Ischemia and reperfusion\u2013from mechanism to translation","volume":"17","author":"Eltzschig","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.46747\/cfp.6709669","article-title":"Testicular torsion in children","volume":"67","author":"Shunmugam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can. Fam. Physician Med. Fam. Can."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13418","article-title":"Testicular torsion in vivo models: Mechanisms and treatments","volume":"11","author":"Minas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-022-04559-1","article-title":"Impact of hypoxia on male reproductive functions","volume":"478","author":"Oyedokun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antonuccio, P., Pallio, G., Marini, H.R., Irrera, N., Romeo, C., Puzzolo, D., Freni, J., Santoro, G., Pirrotta, I., and Squadrito, F. (2022). Involvement of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 \u2212 \u03b1 in Experimental Testicular Ischemia and Reperfusion: Effects of Polydeoxyribonucleotide and Selenium. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113144"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01484-4","article-title":"Antioxidant therapy: A new pharmacological approach in shock, inflammation, and ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"53","author":"Cuzzocrea","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13243","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13243","article-title":"Testicular torsion and reperfusion: Germ cell DNA damage and development","volume":"51","author":"Talebi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27760","article-title":"Pathophysiology and management of testicular ischemia\/reperfusion injury: Lessons from animal models","volume":"10","author":"Akhigbe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"3051","article-title":"Ferroptosis is associated with oxygen-glucose deprivation\/reoxygenation-induced Sertoli cell death","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12464","article-title":"Effects of amlodipine on ischaemia\/reperfusion injury in the rat testis","volume":"48","author":"Dogan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.05.034","article-title":"A comparison of the effects of N-acetylcysteine and ethyl pyruvate on experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"98","author":"Turkmen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12268","article-title":"Comparison of combined antioxidants and thymoquinone in the prevention of testis ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"5","author":"Erol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104385","article-title":"Berberine protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury: A review of evidence from animal models and clinical studies","volume":"148","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13704","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13704","article-title":"Minocycline attenuates testicular damages in a rat model of ischaemia\/reperfusion (I\/R) injury","volume":"52","author":"Azarabadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202000103","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-865020200010000003","article-title":"The protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum on testicular torsion\/detorsion-induced ischemia-reperfusion (I\/R) injury","volume":"35","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Cir. Bras."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"2727","article-title":"The protective effect of goji berry extract in ischemic reperfusion in testis torsion","volume":"8","author":"Dursun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-013-1049-8","article-title":"The protective effects of grape seed extract on MDA, AOPP, apoptosis and eNOS expression in testicular torsion: An experimental study","volume":"31","author":"Bayatli","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruthig, V.A., and Lamb, D.J. (2022). Updates in Sertoli Cell-Mediated Signaling During Spermatogenesis and Advances in Restoring Sertoli Cell Function. Front. Endocrinol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.897196"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meroni, S.B., Galardo, M.N., Rindone, G., Gorga, A., Riera, M.F., and Cigorraga, S.B. (2019). Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways Involved in Sertoli Cell Proliferation. Front. Endocrinol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00224"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"923","article-title":"Role and regulatory mechanism of glycometabolism of Sertoli cells in spermatogenesis","volume":"25","author":"Yi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = Natl. J. Androl."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, X., Luo, D., Xuan, Q., Lu, P., Yu, C., and Guan, Q. (2022). Atlas of metabolism reveals palmitic acid results in mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis by inhibiting fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation in Sertoli cells. Front. Endocrinol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1021263"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.200900170","article-title":"The H19 locus: Role of an imprinted non-coding RNA in growth and development","volume":"32","author":"Gabory","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioessays News Rev. Mol. Cell. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, B., Suen, C.W., Ma, H., Wang, Y., Kong, L., Qin, D., Wayne Lee, Y.W., and Li, G. (2020). The Roles of H19 in Regulating Inflammation and Aging. Front. Immunol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.579687"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.138","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Silver-Russell syndrome: First international consensus statement","volume":"13","author":"Wakeling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020060775","article-title":"Renal AAV2-Mediated Overexpression of Long Non-Coding RNA H19 Attenuates Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury Through Sponging of microRNA-30a-5p","volume":"32","author":"Haddad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. JASN"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, C., Li, Z., and Wu, D. (2019). The long non-coding RNA H19 induces hypoxia\/reoxygenation injury by up-regulating autophagy in the hepatoma carcinoma cells. Biol. Res., 52.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-019-0239-2"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2016.0530","article-title":"Long Non-coding RNA H19 Induces Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via Activation of Autophagy","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-019-0351-4","article-title":"LncRNA H19 initiates microglial pyroptosis and neuronal death in retinal ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"27","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.024","article-title":"The role of ferroptosis mediated by Bmal1\/Nrf2 in nicotine -induce injury of BTB integrity","volume":"200","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-015-2070-4","article-title":"Reprogramming of glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolism for cancer progression","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci. CMLS"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12522","article-title":"Metformin and male reproduction: Effects on Sertoli cell metabolism","volume":"171","author":"Alves","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2615-y","article-title":"PPAR\u03b3 activation regulates lipid droplet formation and lactate production in rat Sertoli cells","volume":"369","author":"Gorga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17562872241249083","DOI":"10.1177\/17562872241249083","article-title":"Long-term impact of commonly performed operations in pediatric urology on reproductive and sexual health","volume":"16","author":"Geada","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Urol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.087452","article-title":"The blood-testis and blood-epididymis barriers are more than just their tight junctions","volume":"84","author":"Mital","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106418","article-title":"Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in human cancer: From proliferation and metastasis to therapy","volume":"184","author":"Hashemi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2019.05.031","article-title":"lncRNA H19 Alleviated Myocardial I\/RI via Suppressing miR-877-3p\/Bcl-2-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.11.011","article-title":"The lncRNA H19\/miR-675 axis regulates myocardial ischemic and reperfusion injury by targeting PPAR\u03b1","volume":"105","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.04.020","article-title":"LncRNA H19 Aggravates Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Functioning as a ceRNA for miR-19a-3p to Target PTEN","volume":"437","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"621","article-title":"The PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway: How does it regulate development of Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells?","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.02.134","article-title":"Overexpression of long non-coding RNA H19 promotes invasion and autophagy via the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathways in trophoblast cells","volume":"101","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01030-15","article-title":"H19 Long Noncoding RNA Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function via MicroRNA 675 by Interacting with RNA-Binding Protein HuR","volume":"36","author":"Zou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-024-01487-y","article-title":"Berberine mitigates diclofenac-induced intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier dysfunction through the restoration of autophagy by inhibiting exosome-mediated lncRNA H19","volume":"32","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"961","article-title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTOR) pathway modulates blood-testis barrier (BTB) function through F-actin organization and gap junction","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"539","article-title":"The Role of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR Signalling Pathway in Male Reproduction","volume":"21","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/5\/2134\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:43:56Z","timestamp":1760028236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/5\/2134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26052134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26052134","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]}}}