{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T16:44:14Z","timestamp":1784825054259,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["1R01MH090194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MH090194"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["2R01MH090194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2R01MH090194"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["R01HD106652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD106652"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["F31HD114363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31HD114363"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["T32GM081740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM081740"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","award":["1R01MH090194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MH090194"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","award":["2R01MH090194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2R01MH090194"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","award":["R01HD106652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD106652"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","award":["F31HD114363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31HD114363"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","award":["T32GM081740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM081740"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fragile X premutation (FXpm) is caused by a CGG repeat expansion on the FMR1 gene. In adults, FXpm is linked with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and impairment is associated with CGG repeat length. Given scant infancy research, we examined ANS functioning, via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and interbeat interval (IBI), in 82 FXpm and neurotypical infants and their associations with CGG repeats. FXpm infants exhibited lower RSA but no IBI differences. There were no associations between ANS functioning and CGG repeat length. These findings identify an ANS biomarker consistent with the emerging pediatric phenotype in FXpm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26052186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T10:12:33Z","timestamp":1740737553000},"page":"2186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reduced Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia in Infants with the FMR1 Premutation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"Chase","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8372-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Hamrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holley","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5844-4611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Hantman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1377-962X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaitlyn","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Adayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, NY 10314, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole D.","family":"Tortora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, NY 10314, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Dahlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"},{"name":"Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2008.01056.x","article-title":"The fragile X continuum: New advances and perspectives","volume":"52","author":"Cornish","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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