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These mechanisms are known to involve both the innate and adaptive immune system, including various cellular and intercellular interactions. There is growing evidence that immune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of both COPD and tuberculosis may jointly contribute to the tuberculosis-associated obstructive pulmonary disease (TOPD) phenotype. Several studies have reported prior tuberculosis as a risk factor for COPD. Therefore, the study of the mechanisms that link COPD and tuberculosis is of considerable clinical interest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26062378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T04:29:59Z","timestamp":1741321799000},"page":"2378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Comorbidity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Pulmonary Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7083-2692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanislav","family":"Kotlyarov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry","family":"Oskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Phthisiology, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jing, C., Zheng, H., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Zhao, Y., Liu, S., Zhao, J., and Du, Q. 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