{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:48:17Z","timestamp":1791326897930,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Special Science and Technology Research Project for Innovation Capacity Building (Development and Research on Innovative Technologies and New Inputs for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Major Animal Diseases)","award":["XMS202506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMS202506"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Special Science and Technology Research Project for Innovation Capacity Building (Development and Research on Innovative Technologies and New Inputs for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Major Animal Diseases)","award":["XMS202510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMS202510"]}]},{"name":"Reform and Development Project of Beijing Academy of Ag-ricultural and Forestry Sciences","award":["XMS202506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMS202506"]}]},{"name":"Reform and Development Project of Beijing Academy of Ag-ricultural and Forestry Sciences","award":["XMS202510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMS202510"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens have intensified the need for new antibiotics and alternative therapeutic strategies. Flavonoids, a diverse group of bioactive natural compounds found in plants, have shown significant promise as antibacterial agents. Flavonoids inhibit bacterial growth through various mechanisms, including disruption of cell wall synthesis, prevention of biofilm formation, disruption of cell membrane integrity, and inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps. These actions not only reduce bacterial viability but also enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, offering a potential solution to antibiotic resistance. However, challenges such as poor bioavailability limit their clinical application. Recent advances in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, chemical modifications, and formulation techniques have shown promise in improving flavonoid bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. This review evaluates the antibacterial mechanisms of flavonoids, explores their potential synergistic effects with antibiotics, and highlights strategies to overcome bioavailability issues. Our findings underscore the importance of continued research on flavonoids as promising candidates for innovative antibacterial therapies aimed at combating MDR bacterial infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26062455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T06:59:59Z","timestamp":1741589999000},"page":"2455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Flavonoids as Promising Natural Compounds for Combating Bacterial Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9196-5577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiajia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6677-3994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3806-1055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2390-0066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/595011","article-title":"Bad bugs, no drugs: No ESKAPE! 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