{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T11:12:36Z","timestamp":1782990756188,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a pivotal gaseous transmitter in the central nervous system, influencing synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory by modulating various molecular pathways. This review examines recent evidence regarding how H2S regulates NMDA receptor function and neurotransmitter release in neuronal circuits. By synthesizing findings from animal and cellular models, we investigate the impacts of enzymatic H2S production and exogenous H2S on excitatory synaptic currents, long-term potentiation, and intracellular calcium signaling. Data suggest that H2S interacts directly with NMDA receptor subunits, altering receptor function and modulating neuronal excitability. Simultaneously, H2S promotes the release of neurotransmitters such as glutamate and GABA, shaping synaptic dynamics and plasticity. Furthermore, reports indicate that disruptions in H2S metabolism contribute to cognitive impairments and neurodegenerative disorders, underscoring the potential therapeutic value of targeting H2S-mediated pathways. Although the precise mechanisms of H2S-induced changes in synaptic strength remain elusive, a growing body of evidence positions H2S as a significant regulator of memory formation processes. This review calls for more rigorous exploration into the molecular underpinnings of H2S in synaptic plasticity, paving the way for novel pharmacological interventions in cognitive dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26073131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T10:54:48Z","timestamp":1743159288000},"page":"3131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S- or H2Sn-Polysulfides) in Synaptic Plasticity: Modulation of NMDA Receptors and Neurotransmitter Release in Learning and Memory"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1084-7710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantin","family":"Munteanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 700454 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Clinic Division, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cBagdasar-Arseni\u201d, 041915 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2365-6670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca Irina","family":"Galaction","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 700454 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6346-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gelu","family":"Onose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Clinic Division, Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cBagdasar-Arseni\u201d, 041915 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 020022 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7632-4015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marius","family":"Turnea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 700454 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3923-1044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Rotariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d, 700454 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munteanu, C., Turnea, M.A., and Rotariu, M. (2023). Hydrogen Sulfide: An Emerging Regulator of Oxidative Stress and Cellular Homeostasis\u2014A Comprehensive One-Year Review. 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