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MACF1 is involved in various biological processes, including cell polarity, cell\u2013cell connection, cell proliferation, migration, vesicle transport, signal transduction, and neuronal development. In this review, we updated the physiological and pathological roles of MACF1, highlighting the components and signaling pathways involved. Novel evidence showed that MACF1 is involved in diverse human diseases, including multiple neuronal diseases, congenital myasthenic syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, spectraplakinopathy, osteoporosis, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and various types of cancer. We also reviewed the physiological roles of MACF1, including its involvement in adhesome formation, bone formation, neuronal aging, and tooth development. In addition, MACF1 plays other roles, functioning as a biomarker for the prediction of infections in patients with burns and as a marker for genome selection breeding. These studies reinforce the idea that MACF1 is a bona fide versatile, multifaceted giant protein. Identifying additional MACF1 functions would finally help with the treatment of diseases caused by MACF1 defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26073204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T03:25:02Z","timestamp":1743391502000},"page":"3204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Multifaceted Giant Protein Microtubule-Actin Cross-Linking Factor 1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1196-4118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chung-Ming","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, School of Health and Medical Engineering, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 33348, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9367-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ru-Huei","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan"},{"name":"Ph.D. Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Jye","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00813-4","article-title":"ACF7: An essential integrator of microtubule dynamics","volume":"115","author":"Kodama","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.196154","article-title":"Spectraplakin family proteins-cytoskeletal crosslinkers with versatile roles","volume":"130","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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