{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T05:07:45Z","timestamp":1764997665387,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["19K09323","22K09020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09323","22K09020"]}]},{"name":"Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan","award":["19K09323","22K09020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K09323","22K09020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant adverse event with unclear mechanisms and limited treatment alternatives. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of two alkalizing agents, a mixture of potassium citrate and sodium citrate (K\/Na citrate) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), in preventing and treating paclitaxel (PTX)-induced mechanical allodynia in rodents. The results from rodent models demonstrated that repeated prophylactic administration of K\/Na citrate or NaHCO3 could inhibit the development of PTX-induced mechanical allodynia. Moreover, K\/Na citrate was effective in preventing the PTX-induced exacerbation of mechanical allodynia, even when treatment was initiated immediately after the onset of allodynia. K\/Na citrate also reduced the levels of the plasma complement component anaphylatoxin C3a in a PTX-induced CIPN rat model. Complement activation, resulting in the production of C3a, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this model. Additionally, pretreatment with Na citrate significantly prevented the reduction in neurite outgrowth caused by PTX. Furthermore, K\/Na citrate inhibited spontaneous and mechanical stimuli-induced firing in spinal dorsal horn neurons. These findings indicate that K\/Na citrate may regulate the development of PTX-induced mechanical allodynia by modulating complement activation and providing neuroprotection against PTX-induced peripheral nerve injury. This study implies that alkalization could help prevent PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy and mitigate its exacerbation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26073329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]],"date-time":"2025-04-03T04:33:43Z","timestamp":1743654823000},"page":"3329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Potassium\/Sodium Citrate Attenuates Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5644-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Uta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2817-1217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd., Saitama 341-0005, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4155-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kengo","family":"Maruo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd., Saitama 341-0005, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanoko","family":"Matsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd., Saitama 341-0005, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Usami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd., Saitama 341-0005, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Kume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22921","article-title":"Neurotoxicity of bortezomib therapy in multiple myeloma: A single-center experience and review of the literature","volume":"110","author":"Badros","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007853","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"249","author":"Quasthoff","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.04.018","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: Prevention and treatment strategies","volume":"44","author":"Wolf","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0b013e32833db89d","article-title":"Statistical identification of predictors for peripheral neuropathy associated with administration of bortezomib, taxanes, oxaliplatin or vincristine using ordered logistic regression analysis","volume":"21","author":"Kanbayashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-010-0108-3","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy","volume":"13","author":"Cavaletti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Treat. Options Neurol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaj\u0105czkowska, R., Kocot-K\u0119pska, M., Leppert, W., Wrzosek, A., Mika, J., and Wordliczek, J. (2019). Mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20061451"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.0536","article-title":"Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of intravenous calcium and magnesium to prevent oxaliplatin-induced sensory neurotoxicity (N08CB\/Alliance)","volume":"32","author":"Loprinzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-015-0784-9","article-title":"Preventive effect of Goshajinkigan on peripheral neurotoxicity of FOLFOX therapy (GENIUS trial): A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized phase III study","volume":"20","author":"Oki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-015-0810-y","article-title":"Effect of duloxetine in Japanese patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A pilot randomized trial","volume":"20","author":"Hirayama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.03.013","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for neuropathic pain: How do we explain continued widespread use?","volume":"143","author":"Vo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909112463416","article-title":"Successful treatment by adding duloxetine to pregabalin for peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel","volume":"30","author":"Takenaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Hosp. Palliat. Care"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23008","article-title":"Efficacy of gabapentin in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial (N00C3)","volume":"110","author":"Rao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-014-2132-4","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of controlled-release oxycodone for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy and the extension of FOLFOX therapy in advanced colorectal cancer patients","volume":"22","author":"Nagashima","year":"2014","journal-title":"Support. Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.12.002","article-title":"Evidence that spinal astrocytes but not microglia contribute to the pathogenesis of Paclitaxel-induced painful neuropathy","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2012.00172.x","article-title":"Paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain is age dependent and devolves on glial response","volume":"17","author":"Baulies","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.02.011","article-title":"Dorsal root ganglion infiltration by macrophages contributes to paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23474","article-title":"Astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle sensitizes nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord","volume":"67","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.08325SC","article-title":"Effects of the prostaglandin E1 analog limaprost on mechanical allodynia caused by chemotherapeutic agents in mice","volume":"109","author":"Gauchan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)61085-7","article-title":"Tissue acidosis in nociception and pain","volume":"113","author":"Reeh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1042\/cs1010267","article-title":"Effects of extracellular pH on tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1 production by resident alveolar macrophages","volume":"101","author":"Heming","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1973.tb02210.x","article-title":"Relative rates of oxidation of glucose and free fatty acids by ischaemic and nonischaemic myocardium after coronary artery ligation in the dog","volume":"3","author":"Opie","year":"1973","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(89)90621-9","article-title":"Sustained nonoxidative glucose utilization and depletion of glycogen in reperfused canine myocardium","volume":"13","author":"Schwaiger","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b20-00825","article-title":"Neutralization of acidic tumor microenvironment (tme) with daily oral dosing of sodium potassium citrate (K\/Na citrate) increases therapeutic effect of anti-cancer agent in pancreatic cancer xenograft mice model","volume":"44","author":"Ando","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304369","article-title":"Increased survival in pancreatic cancer with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine","volume":"369","author":"Ervin","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-016-2972-3","article-title":"Phase I\/II study of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine for chemotherapy-naive Japanese patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer","volume":"77","author":"Ueno","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"715","article-title":"General pharmacological study of citrate citric acid combination (Uralyt-U\u00ae)","volume":"21","author":"Mizuta","year":"1981","journal-title":"Oyo Yakuri Pharmacometr."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2023.156370","article-title":"Inhibition of C5aR1 as a promising approach to treat taxane-induced neuropathy","volume":"171","author":"Cristiano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300252","article-title":"Complement receptor C3aR1 contributes to paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain in mice and rats","volume":"211","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4094","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701716","article-title":"Role of complement in a rat model of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"200","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01100112","article-title":"Correction of metabolic acidosis with potassium citrate in renal transplant patients and its effect on bone quality","volume":"7","author":"Starke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00376437","article-title":"Sodium citrate ingestion and its effects on maximal anaerobic exercise of different durations","volume":"64","author":"McNaughton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-139x.2000.00062.x","article-title":"ACID-BASE IN RENAL FAILURE: Influence of diet on acid-base balance","volume":"13","author":"Remer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin. Dial."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1159\/000090901","article-title":"Excess casein in the diet is not the unique cause of low-grade metabolic acidosis: Role of a deficit in potassium citrate in a rat model","volume":"50","author":"Sabboh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20200877","article-title":"Consequences of NaCT\/SLC13A5\/mINDY deficiency: Good versus evil, separated only by the blood-brain barrier","volume":"478","author":"Kopel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.080137","article-title":"Citrate transport and metabolism in mammalian cells: Prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer","volume":"31","author":"Mycielska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11074","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3708-15.2016","article-title":"CD8+ T cells and endogenous IL-10 are required for resolution of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain","volume":"36","author":"Krukowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.10.012","article-title":"Intrathecal interleukin-10 gene therapy attenuates paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia and proinflammatory cytokine expression in dorsal root ganglia in rats","volume":"21","author":"Ledeboer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.08.010","article-title":"Spinal neuroimmune activation is independent of T-cell infiltration and attenuated by A3 adenosine receptor agonists in a model of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"44","author":"Janes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2216","article-title":"Immunological aspects of cancer chemotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Zitvogel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makker, P.G., Duffy, S.S., Lees, J.G., Perera, C.J., Tonkin, R.S., Butovsky, O., Park, S.B., Goldstein, D., and Moalem-Taylor, G. (2017). Characterisation of immune and neuroinflammatory changes associated with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. PLOS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170814"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3109(00)80303-3","article-title":"Complement and innate immunity","volume":"49","author":"Song","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.11.021","article-title":"Nociceptive sensitization by complement C5a and C3a in mouse","volume":"148","author":"Jang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.5.1723","article-title":"Soluble complement receptor type 1 ameliorates the local and remote organ injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in the rat","volume":"149","author":"Hill","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199603000-00013","article-title":"Activation of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes in preterm infants with severe idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"39","author":"Brus","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F125","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.78.2.F125","article-title":"Complement and contact activation in term neonates after fetal acidosis","volume":"78","author":"Sonntag","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.3.701","article-title":"Intracoronary application of C1 esterase inhibitor improves cardiac function and reduces myocardial necrosis in an experimental model of ischemia and reperfusion","volume":"95","author":"Horstick","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V114700","article-title":"Complement activation products in the urine from proteinuric patients","volume":"11","author":"Morita","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1080\/09629359890802","article-title":"Acidosis activates complement system in vitro","volume":"7","author":"Emeis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540190110024","article-title":"Taxol neuropathy. Electrodiagnostic and sural nerve biopsy findings","volume":"51","author":"Sahenk","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boehmerle, W., Huehnchen, P., Peruzzaro, S., Balkaya, M., and Endres, M. (2014). Electrophysiological, behavioral and histological characterization of paclitaxel, cisplatin, vincristine and bortezomib-induced neuropathy in C57BL\/6 mice. Sci. Rep., 4.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06370"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.05.007","article-title":"Paclitaxel- and vincristine-evoked painful peripheral neuropathies: Loss of epidermal innervation and activation of Langerhans cells","volume":"201","author":"Siau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.016","article-title":"The paradox of paclitaxel neurotoxicity: Mechanisms and unanswered questions","volume":"76","author":"Gornstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.10.030","article-title":"Intraepidermal nerve fiber loss corresponds to the development of Taxol-induced hyperalgesia and can be prevented by treatment with minocycline","volume":"152","author":"Xin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b16-00899","article-title":"Prophylactic administration of aucubin inhibits paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia via the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress in peripheral Schwann cells","volume":"40","author":"Andoh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Warwick, C.A., Keyes, A.L., Woodruff, T.M., and Usachev, Y.M. (2021). The complement cascade in the regulation of neuroinflammation, nociceptive sensitization, and pain. J. Biol. Chem., 297.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2021.101085"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4029694","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4029694","article-title":"Prophylactic repetitive treatment with the herbal medicine Kei-kyoh-zoh-soh-oh-shin-bu-toh attenuates oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia by decreasing spinal astrocytes","volume":"2019","author":"Andoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(94)90144-9","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of tactile allodynia in the rat paw","volume":"53","author":"Chaplan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b23-00700","article-title":"Combined experiments with in vivo fiber photometry and behavior tests can facilitate the measurement of neuronal activity in the primary somatosensory cortex and hyperalgesia in an inflammatory pain mice model","volume":"47","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b22-00507","article-title":"Light-touch-induced after discharge firing in the superficial spinal dorsal horn neurons in hairless mice with irritant contact dermatitis","volume":"45","author":"Uta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2021.10.010","article-title":"Neuronal sensitization and synaptic facilitation in the superficial dorsal horn of a rat reserpine-induced pain model","volume":"479","author":"Uta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003596","article-title":"L-bupivacaine inhibition of nociceptive transmission in rat peripheral and dorsal horn neurons","volume":"134","author":"Uta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2021.100333","article-title":"Protocol for dissection and culture of murine dorsal root ganglia neurons to study neuropeptide release","volume":"2","author":"Perner","year":"2021","journal-title":"STAR Protoc."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mecklenburg, J., Zou, Y., Wangzhou, A., Garcia, D., Lai, Z., Tumanov, A.V., Dussor, G., Price, T.J., and Akopian, A.N. (2020). Transcriptomic sex differences in sensory neuronal populations of mice. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72285-z"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI88321","article-title":"Selective antagonism of muscarinic receptors is neuroprotective in peripheral neuropathy","volume":"127","author":"Calcutt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ho, S.Y., Chao, C.Y., Huang, H.L., Chiu, T.W., Charoenkwan, P., and Hwang, E. (2011). NeurphologyJ: An automatic neuronal morphology quantification method and its application in pharmacological discovery. BMC Bioinform., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-230"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/7\/3329\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:09:05Z","timestamp":1760029745000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/7\/3329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26073329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26073329","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1422-0067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]}}}