{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T14:26:37Z","timestamp":1774362397975,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81803842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803842"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[2023]006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2023]006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZK [2022]352\/[2024]015\/[2022]188\/CXTD [2023]019\/GCC [2022]031-1\/GCC [2023]036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2022]352\/[2024]015\/[2022]188\/CXTD [2023]019\/GCC [2022]031-1\/GCC [2023]036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Central Guided Local Science and Technology Special Project","award":["81803842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803842"]}]},{"name":"Central Guided Local Science and Technology Special Project","award":["[2023]006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2023]006"]}]},{"name":"Central Guided Local Science and Technology Special Project","award":["ZK [2022]352\/[2024]015\/[2022]188\/CXTD [2023]019\/GCC [2022]031-1\/GCC [2023]036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2022]352\/[2024]015\/[2022]188\/CXTD [2023]019\/GCC [2022]031-1\/GCC [2023]036"]}]},{"name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department","award":["81803842"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803842"]}]},{"name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department","award":["[2023]006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[2023]006"]}]},{"name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department","award":["ZK [2022]352\/[2024]015\/[2022]188\/CXTD [2023]019\/GCC [2022]031-1\/GCC [2023]036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK [2022]352\/[2024]015\/[2022]188\/CXTD [2023]019\/GCC [2022]031-1\/GCC [2023]036"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Biancaea decapetala (Roth) O. Deg. (Fabaceae), traditionally used by the Hmong people to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), has not been extensively studied for the correlation between its anti-inflammatory activity and its active components. Protosappanoside D (PTD), a new component, has been isolated for the first time from the extract of Biancaea decapetala. This study focused on the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of Biancaea decapetala extracts (BDE) and PTD, along with their pharmacokinetic\u2013pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) analysis. In the adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rat model, HE staining and cytokine assays showed that BDE alleviated joint damage and reduced inflammatory cytokines, similar to the positive control. In the LPS-induced inflammatory cell model, both BDE and PTD demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors. A PK-PD analysis of BDE in AA rats and inflammatory cells, as well as an analysis of PTD as a monomer, was conducted. The results indicated that PTD had different regulatory effects on cytokines like TNF-\u03b1, with a certain lag and sustained effects. These findings suggest the potential of BDE and PTD as treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, though further in vivo studies and clinical trials are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26083694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T07:42:01Z","timestamp":1744616521000},"page":"3694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Pharmacokinetic\u2013Pharmacodynamic Study of Protosappanoside D, a Component Derived from Biancaea decapetala Extracts, for Its Anti-Inflammatory Effects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Zuying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingyan","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Miao\u2019s Medicines, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aimin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Miao\u2019s Medicines, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China"},{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, L., Lyu, J., Yang, L., Gao, Y., and Zhao, B. 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