{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T01:25:56Z","timestamp":1772760356922,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A monocentric cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the role of serum calprotectin as a biomarker for disease severity and activity in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Serum calprotectin was measured in 74 consecutive SSc patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Rome, and in 50 healthy controls (HCs) who were healthcare workers, using Aptiva\u2019s particle-based multianalyte technology. In SSc patients, a statistically significant correlation was found between calprotectin and the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) (r = 0.402, p &lt; 0.001), disease activity index (DAI) (r = 0.420, p &lt; 0.001), disease severity scale (DSS) (r = 0.365, p &lt; 0.01), forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = \u22120.459, p &lt; 0.001), and diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) (r = \u22120.445, p &lt; 0.001). Calprotectin was higher in SSc patients with digital ulcers (DUs) than in SSc patients without DUs [2.98 mcg\/mL (IQR 2.07;4.29) vs. 2.08 mcg\/mL (IQR 1.71;2.45), p &lt; 0.01] and in SSc patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) compared to SSc patients without ILD [2.56 mcg\/mL (IQR 1.94;3.03) vs. 1.96 mcg\/mL (IQR 1.7;2.35), p &lt; 0.01]. The multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis showed calprotectin to be independently associated with DUs [OR 2.531 (CI 95%: 1.074;5.961), p &lt; 0.05] and ILD [OR 3.687 (CI 95%: 1.336;10.170), p &lt; 0.05] in SSc patients. Serum calprotectin is associated with DUs and ILD in SSc patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26094290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T09:16:12Z","timestamp":1746090972000},"page":"4290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum Calprotectin as a Novel Biomarker of Disease Severity and Activity in Systemic Sclerosis Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1077-4846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Pellicano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Carnazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, A.U.S.L. Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"D\u2019Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Vinante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, A.U.S.L. Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Laterza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, A.U.S.L. Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8328-2570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umberto","family":"Basile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Santa Maria Goretti, A.U.S.L. Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7417-8093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Rosato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2015-765X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonietta","family":"Gigante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01692-0","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis","volume":"401","author":"Volkmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"663","article-title":"Nailfold capillaroscopy and classification criteria for systemic sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Cutolo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. 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