{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:13:09Z","timestamp":1790295189515,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NKFIH OTKA K_146148 project","award":["TKP2021-EGA-32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-32"]}]},{"name":"NKFIH OTKA K_146148 project","award":["7649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7649"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-32"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["7649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7649"]}]},{"name":"The University of Szeged Open Access Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-32"]}]},{"name":"The University of Szeged Open Access Fund","award":["7649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7649"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cyclodextrins (CDs) enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs like ibuprofen (IBU), making them promising carriers for pulmonary drug delivery. This route lowers the required dose, minimizing side effects, which could be beneficial in treating cystic fibrosis. In this study, a nano-spray-drying technique was applied to prepare CD\/IBU complexes using sulfobutylether-\u03b2-cyclodextrin (SBECD) or (2-Hydroxy-3-N,N,N-trimethylamino)propyl-beta-cyclodextrin chloride (QABCD) as carriers as well as mannitol (MAN) and leucine (LEU) as aerosolization excipients. Various investigation techniques were utilized to examine and characterize the samples, including a Master Sizer particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). We applied in vitro Andersen Cascade Impactor measurements and in silico simulation analysis to determine the sample\u2019s aerodynamic properties. We also performed in vitro dissolution and diffusion tests. Applying formulations with optimal aerodynamic properties, we achieved an improved ~50% fine particle fraction values based on the Andersen Cascade Impactor measurements. The in vitro dissolution and diffusion studies revealed rapid IBU release from the formulations; however, the QABCD-based sample exhibited reduced membrane diffusion compared to SBECD due to the formation of electrostatic interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26094320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T07:44:58Z","timestamp":1746171898000},"page":"4320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Nano-Spray-Drying of Cyclodextrin\/Ibuprofen Complexes with Aerosolization-Enhancing Additives for Pulmonary Drug Delivery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Anett","family":"Motzwickler-N\u00e9meth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4873-6222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Endre","family":"K\u00f6rmendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1rp\u00e1d","family":"Farkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Environmental Physics Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Konkoly-Thege Mikl\u00f3s Street 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0807-2781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ildik\u00f3","family":"Cs\u00f3ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5496-1710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Ambrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.06.055","article-title":"Cyclodextrins","volume":"453","author":"Kurkov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. 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