{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:14:28Z","timestamp":1790223268042,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]],"date-time":"2025-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nutricia North America and Alberta\u2019s Collaboration of Excellence for Nutrition in Digestive Diseases (Ascend)"},{"name":"2024 Michael Smith Health Research BC Health Professional Investigator Award"},{"name":"TRIANGLE (TRaIning A New generation of researchers in Gastroenterology and LivEr) Fellowship Award"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This pilot study investigated the effects of a reduced sulfur (RS) diet on the gut microbiome composition and fecal metabolome in individuals with remitted or active ulcerative colitis (UC). Thirteen participants maintained their habitual diet (control), while nine followed an RS diet for eight weeks (Wk8). Stool and plasma samples were collected at the baseline and Wk8. The sulfur intake decreased in the RS group (\u221228 g\/1000 kcal) versus the control group (\u22121.7 g\/1000 kcal; p &lt; 0.001). The RS group exhibited a significant decrease in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (\u22125280 ng\/mL), while these levels increased in the control group (620 ng\/mL; p &lt; 0.05). The microbiome analysis showed an increased alpha diversity at Wk8 (p &lt; 0.01), suggesting a microbial shift with a RS intake. The metabolic alterations indicated enhanced nitrogen disposal (increased uric acid, methyluric acid, N-acetyl-L-glutamate) and a higher energy demand (elevated ubiquinol and glucose-pyruvate). The RS diet increased beneficial microbes Collinsella stercoris, Asaccharobacter celatus, and Alistipes finegoldii, while decreasing pathobionts Eggerthella lenta and Romboutsia ilealis. Methyluric acid correlated positively with C. stercoris (\u03b2 = 0.70) and negatively with E. lenta (\u03b2 = \u22120.77) suggesting these microbes utilized this metabolite and influenced the microbiome composition. In conclusion, a RS diet promoted microbial diversity, metabolic adaptations, and reduced inflammation, highlighting its potential as a novel strategy for UC management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26104596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T10:58:07Z","timestamp":1747047487000},"page":"4596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Reduced Sulfur Diet Reshapes the Microbiome and Metabolome in Mild\u2013Moderate Ulcerative Colitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1704-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayu","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9129-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maitreyi","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorian M.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munazza","family":"Yousuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remo","family":"Panaccione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Turbide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5104-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidhartha R.","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7349-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Haskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Irving K Barber Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia-Okanagan, 3187 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hansen, A.W., and Venkatachalam, K.V. 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