{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:48:14Z","timestamp":1791395294364,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacterial communities in diverse environmental niches respond to various external stimuli for survival. A primary means of communication between bacterial cells involves one-component (OC) and two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs). These systems are key for sensing environmental changes and regulating bacterial physiology. TCSs, which are the more complex of the two, consist of a sensor histidine kinase for receiving an external input and a response regulator to convey changes in bacterial cell physiology. For numerous reasons, TCSs have emerged as significant targets for antibacterial drug design due to their role in regulating expression level, bacterial viability, growth, and virulence. Diverse studies have shown the molecular mechanisms by which TCSs regulate virulence and antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we performed a thorough analysis of the data from multiple public databases to assemble a comprehensive catalog of the principal detection systems present in both the non-pathogenic Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and the pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strains. Additionally, we conducted a sequence analysis of regulatory elements associated with transcriptional proteins. These were classified into regulatory families based on Helix-turn-Helix (HTH) protein domain information, a common structural motif for DNA-binding proteins. Moreover, we highlight the function of bacterial TCSs and their involvement in functions essential for bacterial survival and virulence. This comparison aims to identify novel targets that can be exploited for the development of advanced biotherapeutic strategies, potentially leading to new treatments for bacterial infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26104677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T03:59:29Z","timestamp":1747195169000},"page":"4677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Transcriptional Regulatory Systems in Pseudomonas: A Comparative Analysis of Helix-Turn-Helix Domains and Two-Component Signal Transduction Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Zulema","family":"Udaondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Estaci\u00f3n Experimental del Zaidin, 18008 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsey Aguirre","family":"Schilder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Rosa M\u00e1rquez","family":"Blesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireia","family":"Tena-Garitaonaindia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9103-7057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Canto","family":"Mangana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacy Services, A.S. Hospital de Poniente de Almer\u00eda, 04700 El Ejido, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7348-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelali","family":"Daddaoua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy School, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u201cJos\u00e9 Mataix\u201d, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s\/n. Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wani, A.K., Akhtar, N., Sher, F., Navarrete, A.A., and Am\u00e9rico-Pinheiro, J.H.P. (2022). 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