{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:25:47Z","timestamp":1788456347658,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Program","award":["2024YFTX0038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFTX0038"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Program","award":["2023NSFSC0328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0328"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","award":["2024YFTX0038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFTX0038"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","award":["2023NSFSC0328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0328"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Effective prehospital hemostasis is pivotal for improving survival outcomes in arterial hemorrhage. Existing hemostatic materials have limitations in terms of both efficiency and portability, particularly under complex wound conditions. This study engineered a kaolin-reinforced biomimetic adhesive composite powder (DTG-K), which achieved dual hemostatic mechanisms: mechanical occlusion via strong interfacial adhesion (lap-shear strength of 58.3 kPa) and biochemical activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway through factor XII. In vitro evaluations confirmed its exceptional hemocompatibility, with a 0.93% hemolysis rate. When applied to femoral artery hemorrhage models in Bama swine, DTG-K demonstrated complete hemostasis within 30 s through synergistic physical sealing and biochemical coagulation. These findings demonstrate the potential of DTG-K as an innovative strategy for managing life-threatening arterial hemorrhage in prehospital emergency scenarios.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26104688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T10:27:41Z","timestamp":1747218461000},"page":"4688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Biomimetic Adhesive\/Kaolin Material with Strong Adhesion, Sealing, and Active Coagulation Function for Arterial Hemostasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Wanli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqin","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyu","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usy185","article-title":"\u201cStop the bleed\u201d: A US Military installation\u2019s model for implementation of a rapid hemorrhage control program","volume":"184","author":"Chambers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mil. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49186","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c12623","article-title":"Synergistic procoagulant mechanism and application of kaolin-zeolite composite hemostat for effective hemorrhage control","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.79639","article-title":"Recent advances in the medical applications of hemostatic materials","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"534","article-title":"Research progress in topical hemostatic agents for war injury","volume":"34","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Traumatoligy"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.07.034","article-title":"Development of a chitosan-based wound dressing with improved hemostatic and antimicrobial properties","volume":"29","author":"Ong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.08.131","article-title":"Chitosan\/kaolin composite porous microspheres with high hemostatic efficacy","volume":"177","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2011.02.001","article-title":"Chitosan\u2014A versatile semi-synthetic polymer in biomedical applications","volume":"36","author":"Dash","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2014.02.001","article-title":"The chemistry of tissue adhesive materials","volume":"39","author":"Bouten","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3382","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b17732","article-title":"A biodegradable antibacterial nanocomposite based on oxidized bacterial nanocellulose for rapid hemostasis and wound healing","volume":"12","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909954","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201909954","article-title":"Mussel-inspired hydrogels for self-adhesive bioelectronics","volume":"30","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4423","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB00523E","article-title":"Tissue adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.28368","article-title":"Recent approaches in designing bioadhesive materials inspired by mussel adhesive protein","volume":"55","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CS00285E","article-title":"Catechol-functionalized hydrogels: Biomimetic design, adhesion mechanism, and biomedical applications","volume":"49","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b05318","article-title":"Mussel-inspired adhesive and tough hydrogel based on nanoclay confined dopamine polymerization","volume":"11","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41102","DOI":"10.1002\/app.41102","article-title":"The dopa-functionalized bioadhesive with properties of photocrosslinked and thermoresponsive","volume":"131","author":"Ai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704235","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704235","article-title":"Paintable and rapidly bondable conductive hydrogels as therapeutic cardiac patches","volume":"30","author":"Liang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.10.017","article-title":"Mussel-inspired hyperbranched poly(amino ester) polymer as strong wet tissue adhesive","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804925","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201804925","article-title":"An autolytic high strength instant adhesive hydrogel for emergency self-rescue","volume":"28","author":"Cui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2012.10.012","article-title":"Study on the synthesis and properties of mussel mimetic poly(ethylene glycol) bioadhesive","volume":"120","author":"Ai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8232","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB00513D","article-title":"A high-strength double network polydopamine nanocomposite hydrogel for adhesion under seawater","volume":"8","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000716","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.202000716","article-title":"The structure\u2013property correlations in dry gelatin adhesive films","volume":"23","author":"Mosleh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Mater."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7078","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c00204","article-title":"Dual-dynamic-bond cross-linked antibacterial adhesive hydrogel sealants with on-demand removability for post-wound-closure and infected wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.1039\/C8BM00628H","article-title":"Evaluation of absorbable hemostatic agents of polyelectrolyte complexes using carboxymethyl starch and chitosan oligosaccharide both in vitro and in vivo","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Su, N., and Yao, Q. (2005). Histopathological Atlas of Experimental Animals in New Drug Toxicology, Southeast University Press."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Willard-Mack, C.L. (2023). International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (Inhand): Part II, Science Press."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB02215F","article-title":"An antibacterial biomimetic adhesive with strong adhesion in both dry and underwater situations","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.1039\/D1PY00246E","article-title":"A mussel-bioinspired multi-functional hyperbranched polymeric coating with integrated antibacterial and antifouling activities for implant interface modification","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1039\/C5BM00542F","article-title":"Synthesis of ros scavenging microspheres from a dopamine containing poly(\u03b2-amino ester) for applications for neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"4","author":"Newland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.03.287","article-title":"Biocompatible, self-wrinkled, antifreezing and stretchable hydrogel-based wearable sensor with pedot:sulfonated lignin as conductive materials","volume":"370","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900046","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201900046","article-title":"Adhesive hemostatic conducting injectable composite hydrogels with sustained drug release and photothermal antibacterial activity to promote full-thickness skin regeneration during wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.12.033","article-title":"Preparation of composite hydroxybutyl chitosan sponge and its role in promoting wound healing","volume":"184","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6678","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB01477C","article-title":"Facile and green approach towards biomass-derived hydrogel powders with hierarchical micro-nanostructures for ultrafast hemostasis","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4396","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM00781A","article-title":"Hemostatic nanotechnologies for external and internal hemorrhage management","volume":"8","author":"Liying","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., Wang, L., Alwaal, A., Lee, Y., Reed-Maldonado, A., Spangler, T., Banie, L., Hara, R.O., and Lin, G. (2016). Comparison of topical hemostatic agents in a swine model of extremity arterial hemorrhage: Bloodstop ix battle matrix vs. Quikclot combat gauze. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17040545"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/10\/4688\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:32:30Z","timestamp":1760031150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/10\/4688"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26104688"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26104688","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]}}}