{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:12:04Z","timestamp":1792793524296,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":306,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the last decades, it has become increasingly evident that the role of vitamin D extends beyond the regulation of calcium homeostasis and the maintenance of bone health. A significant extraskeletal function of vitamin D is its role in modulating the immune system, particularly highlighted in the context of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, where correlations between vitamin D status and genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor have been observed about the incidence and severity of these conditions. Additionally, different studies have reported the existence of immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D, particularly the effects of vitamin D on dendritic cell function, maturation, cytokine production, and antigen presentation, and that its deficiency may be associated with a sub-inflammatory state. In this sense, different clinical trials have been conducted to assess the therapeutic efficacy of vitamin D in different immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, including asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, thyroid diseases, infectious diseases, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying vitamin D\u2019s immunomodulatory properties, its role, and innovative therapeutic applications in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26104798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T07:34:03Z","timestamp":1747640043000},"page":"4798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Molecular Insight into the Role of Vitamin D in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2662-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiano","family":"Argano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Orlando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Cangialosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalila","family":"Maggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Pollicino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5621-1374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Corrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-020-00322-4","article-title":"Role of Vitamins in Skin Health: A Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"Dattola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. 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