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2024)","award":["PNRR-III-C9-2022-I8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR-III-C9-2022-I8"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente and 5Xmille to the IRCCS MultiMedica 2024)","award":["CF 186\/24.11.2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF 186\/24.11.2022"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente and 5Xmille to the IRCCS MultiMedica 2024)","award":["760062\/23.05.2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["760062\/23.05.2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long COVID denotes the persistence of symptoms after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection lasting for at least two months without another identifiable cause. Affecting an estimated 15% of COVID-19 patients, long COVID manifests in a wide range of symptoms. Despite extensive research on its one-year effects, limited data exist beyond 12 months. Due to the different manifestations of long COVID, its diagnosis can be challenging. Identifying potential mechanistic contributors and biomarkers would be highly valuable. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as biomarkers for disease stratification in COVID-19. Specifically, we have recently identified miR-144-3p and a subset of lncRNAs as candidates for assessing disease severity and outcomes in COVID-19. This nested case\u2013control study extends such investigations to 98 long COVID patients recruited 18 months after hospitalization, exploring the relationship between circulating ncRNA expression and persistent symptoms. While miR-144-3p, HCG18, and lncCEACAM21 expression did not differ between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, LEF1-AS1 was downregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of symptomatic patients. Of note, multiple LEF1-AS1 isoforms and LEF1 sense transcript levels were reduced and negatively correlated with relevant clinical markers. While further studies are needed, our discoveries offer new perspectives on the diagnosis and management of persistent long COVID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26104806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T07:34:03Z","timestamp":1747640043000},"page":"4806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["LEF1-AS1 Deregulation in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Persistent Post-COVID Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-8381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alisia","family":"Mad\u00e8","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago Nicolas","family":"Piella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4915-3572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Ranucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and ICU, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5238-1832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Gaetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici (ICS) Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1316-7478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Valentina","family":"Renna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioCor Biobank, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Cardani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioCor Biobank, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7996-6809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaia","family":"Spinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biostatistics and Data Management, Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8624-7738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Martelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, October 15). 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