{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:03:22Z","timestamp":1792789402729,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":144,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Romania\u2019s National Recovery and Resilience Plan","award":["PNRR-III-C9-2022\u2013I5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR-III-C9-2022\u2013I5"]}]},{"name":"Romania\u2019s National Recovery and Resilience Plan","award":["760009\/30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["760009\/30"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cervical cancer ranks third among malignant diseases of the female reproductive system and progressively develops through a series of pathological changes known as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Despite being extremely aggressive and causing increased mortality, the main treatment options include surgery or a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, often based on cisplatin-based chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy or brachytherapy. Cervical dysplasia is an abnormal growth of cells on the surface of the cervix that could lead to cervical cancer. CIN most commonly occurs at the squamocolumnar junction of the cervix, a transitional zone between the squamous epithelium of the vagina and the columnar epithelium of the endocervix. The primary cause of CIN is chronic infection of the cervix with Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Oxidative stress (OS) and chronic inflammation are associated with HPV-induced cervical dysplasia. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) facilitate the progression of CIN through DNA damage, immune evasion, and cellular mutations. Thus, the inflammatory environment, characterized by increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, contributes to epithelial transformation. Given these mechanisms, antioxidants, including vitamins A, C, D, E, polyphenols, and carotenoids, are being investigated for their potential as adjunctive therapies in CIN management. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the influence of oxidative stress, antioxidants, and inflammation on cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26104961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T13:59:43Z","timestamp":1747835983000},"page":"4961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Strategies in Cervical Cancer\u2014A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ecaterina","family":"Tomaziu-Todosia Anton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u201cCuza Voda\u201d, Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel-Ioan","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u201cCuza Voda\u201d, Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana-Sadiye","family":"Scripcariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u201cCuza Voda\u201d, Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Dumitra\u0219cu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u201cCuza Voda\u201d, Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragos Viorel","family":"Scripcariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Regional Institute of Oncology Iasi, General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, No. 2-4, 700483 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioana-Miruna","family":"Balmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Iasi, Alexandru Lapusneanu Street, No. 26, 700506 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"CENEMED Platform for Interdisciplinary Research, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4979-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u0103t\u0103lina","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, Carol I Avenue, 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u0103lina","family":"Visternicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, \u201cAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d University of Ia\u0219i, Carol I Avenue, 20A, 700506 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demetra Gabriela","family":"Socolov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology \u201cCuza Voda\u201d, Cuza Voda Street, No. 34, 700038 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr015","article-title":"Worldwide Burden of Cervical Cancer in 2008","volume":"22","author":"Arbyn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Li, L., Bi, Y., Wu, H., Wu, M., and Lang, J. (2019). The Effects of Different Instruments and Suture Methods of Conization for Cervical Lesions. Sci. 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