{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:17:45Z","timestamp":1787897865014,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondos Federales","award":["HIM\/2021\/046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2021\/046"]}]},{"name":"Fondos Federales","award":["HIM\/2019\/057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2019\/057"]}]},{"name":"Fondos Federales","award":["HIM\/2018\/046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2018\/046"]}]},{"name":"Fondos Federales","award":["853124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853124"]}]},{"name":"Ram\u00edrez-Fuentes T. C. Graduate Program in Doctorate in Medical Research of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","award":["HIM\/2021\/046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2021\/046"]}]},{"name":"Ram\u00edrez-Fuentes T. C. Graduate Program in Doctorate in Medical Research of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","award":["HIM\/2019\/057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2019\/057"]}]},{"name":"Ram\u00edrez-Fuentes T. C. Graduate Program in Doctorate in Medical Research of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","award":["HIM\/2018\/046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2018\/046"]}]},{"name":"Ram\u00edrez-Fuentes T. C. Graduate Program in Doctorate in Medical Research of the Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","award":["853124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853124"]}]},{"name":"CONAHCyT","award":["HIM\/2021\/046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2021\/046"]}]},{"name":"CONAHCyT","award":["HIM\/2019\/057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2019\/057"]}]},{"name":"CONAHCyT","award":["HIM\/2018\/046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HIM\/2018\/046"]}]},{"name":"CONAHCyT","award":["853124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["853124"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neural crest cells (NCCs) play a significant role in the development of ventricular outflow tracts (OFTs), and cardiac neural crest cells (cNCCs) are involved in the development of the embryonic conus, suggesting that these cell lineages may be a teratogenic target for the development of cardiopathies in offspring conceived under a hyperglycemic environment. We evaluate the effect of the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment on the morphological and anatomical changes in the conal ridges along with the alterations in the spatiotemporal expression of AP2\u03b1 in offspring hearts at 13, 15, and 17 DPC. The anatomical and histological analysis of the hearts in the experimental group presented smaller dimensions compared to the control group in the offspring at the three ages studied. Consequently, this resulted in a hyperglycemic environment that altered the immunostaining of AP2\u03b1 in the hearts of the offspring at the three ages studied. Thus, the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment in offspring caused important morphological alterations in the development of conal ridges and promoted the generation of conotruncal heart defects in which the double outlet of the right ventricle, the atrioventricular (AV) canal, predominated. Therefore, knowing that exposing the offspring to more glucose potentially can lead to complications during organogenesis of the circulatory and central nervous systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26115061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T20:26:50Z","timestamp":1748204810000},"page":"5061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Morphological Alterations of Conal Ridges and Differential Expression of AP2\u03b1 in the Offspring Hearts of Experimental Diabetic Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4317-0942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tania Cristina","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Fuentes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children\u2019s Hospital of M\u00e9xico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"},{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0403-537X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Jaime-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children\u2019s Hospital of M\u00e9xico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de M\u00e9xico-UNITEC M\u00e9xico-Campus Sur, Mexico City 09810, Mexico"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1995-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos C\u00e9sar","family":"Pati\u00f1o-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children\u2019s Hospital of M\u00e9xico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8314-8996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Villavicencio-Guzm\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children\u2019s Hospital of M\u00e9xico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4907-437X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neurosciences, Hospital Infantil de M\u00e9xico Federico G\u00f3mez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Cristina","family":"Revilla-Monsalve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas, Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0467-2528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Adriana","family":"Jarillo-Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Salazar-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Children\u2019s Hospital of M\u00e9xico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cruz, M.V., and Markwald, R.R. 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