{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:34:13Z","timestamp":1787830453685,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare hereditary tumor syndrome caused by inactivating mutations of the MEN1 gene and characterized by the occurrence of multiple endocrine tumors within a single patient (i.e., parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)). However, the lack of a genotype\u2013phenotype correlation does not allow individual disease evolution to be foreseen. Epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, are suspected to contribute to MEN1 tumorigenesis, presumably explaining the lack of genotype\u2013phenotype association. Our previous studies indicated miR-24-3p, miR-1301-3p, miR-664a-3p, and miR-4258 as potentially involved in MEN1 parathyroid tumorigenesis. In this study, we examined the expression of two circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs), miR-24-3p and miR-1301-3p, in the serum of MEN1 patients. c-miRNAs were evaluated by RT-qPCR in serum collected from 25 MEN1 patients and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (HCs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine miRNA sensitivity and specificity. RT-PCR analysis revealed that expression levels of circulating miR-1301-3p were significantly downregulated, while those of miR-24-3p were significantly upregulated in the serum of MEN1 patients compared to HCs. Additionally, ROC analysis exhibited a good diagnostic power for both miRNAs (area under the ROC curve (AUC) values: 0.7356 and 0.7928 for miR-1301-3p and miR-24-3p, respectively) in distinguishing MEN1 patients from matched HCs. These preliminary data suggest circulating miR-1301-3p and miR-24-3p as potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for MEN1 syndrome, regardless of different clinical phenotypes and MEN1 mutation types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26115076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,25]],"date-time":"2025-05-25T20:26:50Z","timestamp":1748204810000},"page":"5076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serums miR-24-3p and miR-1301-3p as Potential Biomarkers in MEN1 Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Simone","family":"Donati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Aurilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3678-4922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Marini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FirmoLab, Fondazione F.I.R.M.O. Onlus and Stabilimento Chimico Farmaceutico Militare (SCFM), 50141 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8576-9606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Giusti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8376-7404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaia","family":"Palmini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FirmoLab, Fondazione F.I.R.M.O. Onlus and Stabilimento Chimico Farmaceutico Militare (SCFM), 50141 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Falsetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Cioppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Florence, AOU Careggi, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1816-8859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ranaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7461-330X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Iantomasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arcangelo","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stabilimento Chimico Farmaceutico Militare (SCFM)\u2014Agenzia Industrie Difesa (AID), 50141 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Tonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FirmoLab, Fondazione F.I.R.M.O. Onlus and Stabilimento Chimico Farmaceutico Militare (SCFM), 50141 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8741-0592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Brandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FirmoLab, Fondazione F.I.R.M.O. Onlus and Stabilimento Chimico Farmaceutico Militare (SCFM), 50141 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7230.1","article-title":"Genetics of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Syndrome: What\u2019s New and What\u2019s Old","volume":"6","author":"Falchetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa031","article-title":"Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Latest Insights","volume":"42","author":"Brandi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr. 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