{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:30:07Z","timestamp":1791433807909,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23-75-01141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-75-01141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"\u201cScientific and technological development of the \u2018Sirius\u2019 Federal Territory\u201d","award":["23-75-01141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-75-01141"]}]},{"name":"\u201cScientific and technological development of the \u2018Sirius\u2019 Federal Territory\u201d","award":["3-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin B12 (B12), a crucial water-soluble vitamin, plays an essential role in various cellular functions, including DNA synthesis and cellular metabolism. This review explores recent advancements in B12 delivery systems and their potential applications in drug delivery. The unique absorption pathways of B12, which involve specific binding proteins and receptors, are highlighted, emphasizing the vitamin\u2019s protective mechanisms that enhance its bioavailability. The review discusses the intricate multi-protein network involved in B12 metabolism and the implications of B12 deficiency, which can lead to significant health issues, including neurological and hematological disorders. Additionally, the potential of B12 as a drug carrier to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of poorly bioavailable medications is examined. The findings suggest that optimizing B12 delivery could enhance therapeutic outcomes in nanomedicine and other clinical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26115119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T03:52:08Z","timestamp":1748404328000},"page":"5119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["From Nutrient to Nanocarrier: The Multifaceted Role of Vitamin B12 in Drug Delivery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8718-7100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikita A.","family":"Kuldyushev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey Y.","family":"Simonenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Semen I.","family":"Goreninskii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Additive Technologies Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenina av., 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana N.","family":"Pallaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of the Kurchatov Complex Crystallography and Photonics of the NRC \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d, 119333 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 121205 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3046-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Andrey A.","family":"Zamyatnin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0985-6545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mucha, P., Kus, F., Cysewski, D., Smolenski, R.T., and Tomczyk, M. 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