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We investigated the difference between on-pump and off-pump techniques in terms of the concentration of proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-18 and the EG degradation products syndecan-1 and hyaluronic acid measured by ELISA in the peripheral and cardiac circulation during open heart surgery and in the early postoperative period. The concentration of IL-18, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and the leukocyte count increased statistically significantly in revascularized patients at 24 and 72 h after revascularization compared to the beginning of the procedure and was always statistically significantly higher in on-pump patients. Syndecan-1 and hyaluronic acid only increased in on-pump patients 24 and 72 h after revascularization. IL-18 correlated positively with syndecan-1 and CRP only in the pump setting and with the number of leukocytes in both revascularization regimens 24 and 72 h after the surgery. cTnT and hyaluronic acid did not correlate with IL-18. Our results suggest that IL-18 plays an important role in the early inflammatory response in patients during open heart surgery and in the early postoperative period, leading to additional damage to the EG, while it is probably not responsible for myocardial necrosis. It could serve as a biomarker to identify high-risk patients and as a therapeutic target to reduce inflammation and EG degradation. In addition, measurement of IL-18 could help improve the treatment, recovery, and outcomes of patients after heart surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T11:08:31Z","timestamp":1749208111000},"page":"5453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Effect of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery on Interleukin-18 Concentration and Biomarkers Related to Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3922-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danijel","family":"Kne\u017eevi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2837-4157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Bati\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2591-7267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo\u017eena","family":"\u0106urko-Cofek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Batinac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medical Sciences I and II, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, Viktora Cara Emina 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1944-7163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Ljuba\u010dev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Valen\u010di\u0107 Ser\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordana","family":"La\u0161karin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"},{"name":"Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Hearth and Lung Diseases and Rheumatism \u201cThalassotherapia-Opatija\u201d, M. Tita 188, 51410 Opatija, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0033-7071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Zdravkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Management, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3717-5782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"\u0160o\u0161tari\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre, Zaloska 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2645-5364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlatka","family":"Soto\u0161ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bra\u0107e Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019: Update from the GBD 2019 Study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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