{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:36:40Z","timestamp":1792449400679,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":353,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-15-2024-640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2024-640"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammatory arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), is a group of degenerative joint diseases that result in reduced mobility and a prevalent cause of disability. Despite differing etiologies, both conditions involve inflammation, affecting only the joints in OA and systemic in RA due to its autoimmune nature. Regenerative medicine offers promising alternatives, with a focus on the therapy with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived EVs have shown great potential in modulating inflammatory pathways and promoting tissue repair in the preclinical models of RA and OA. Additionally, EVs from immune cells exhibit strong anti-inflammatory effects, reducing cartilage and bone degeneration. This review highlights the recent progress in MSC-based and EV-based therapies for OA and RA, discussing the bioengineering approaches that enhance the therapeutic efficacy, stability, and targeting of EV. It also addresses the major challenges in translating EV therapy from the laboratory to clinical practice and discusses strategies to overcome these obstacles in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T10:47:22Z","timestamp":1750070842000},"page":"5766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Advances in Regenerative Therapies for Inflammatory Arthritis: Exploring the Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Timofey O.","family":"Klyucherev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Peshkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5591-9987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria D.","family":"Yurkanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nastasia V.","family":"Kosheleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey A.","family":"Svistunov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Jie","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter S.","family":"Timashev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, Y.-J., Anzaghe, M., and Sch\u00fclke, S. (2020). Update on the Pathomechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis. 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