{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:24:56Z","timestamp":1760059496209,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Social Development Project of Jiangsu Province","award":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Plan","award":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"]}]},{"name":"Large Instruments Open Foundation of Nantong University","award":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32271167","BE2022765","JSSCRC2021543","KFJN2564"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs exhibit tissue-specific expression characteristics and have been shown to be involved in the regulation of various biological processes. The testis is one of the organs with the most abundant lncRNAs. However, the functions of many testis-specific or -enriched lncRNAs in male fertility remain undisclosed. In this study, we screened lncRNA 1700009J07Rik (07Rik) to investigate its roles in spermatogenesis and male fertility using knockout (KO) mice. We found that 07Rik mainly acted as an intact lncRNA rather than a small protein, being highly expressed in various spermatogenic cells, which suggests its potential involvement in spermatogenesis. Unexpectedly, the deletion of 07Rik did not impact spermatogenesis or sperm functions. Intriguingly, two-thirds of the male KO were infertile, which was ascribed to the lack of sexual behaviors rather than abnormalities in spermatogenesis or sperm functions. Further results reveal that, compared with wild-type mice, free testosterone content in serum was significantly reduced in the KO infertile (KO-I) mice, whereas it was remarkably elevated in the testes. Correspondingly, Hsd3b2, a key gene that promotes testosterone synthesis, was dramatically upregulated. Cyp19a1 and Cyp11b1, which are responsible for testosterone metabolism, were downregulated in the testes. In addition, the expression of sex hormone-binding globulin was observably elevated in the testes of 07Rik KO-I mice, which might partially explain the decrease in testosterone in the serum. These results suggest that disruptions in testosterone synthesis and metabolism might contribute to the loss of libido in 07Rik KO-I mice. Our findings expand the understanding of lncRNA function and provide novel insights into the role of lncRNAs in male fertility, particularly in relation to hormonal turnover disorders that mediate sexual behavior defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T07:04:52Z","timestamp":1750143892000},"page":"5801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["lncRNA 1700009J07Rik Impaired Male Fertility by Interfering with Sexual Behaviors in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shijue","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengqian","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiwen","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanxi","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuhui","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory in University for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1227-866X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory in University for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Mart\u00ednez, H.N., and Recillas-Targa, F. (2022). Emerging Functions of lncRNA Loci beyond the Transcript Itself. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23116258"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2022.05.027","article-title":"Integrated lncRNA function upon genomic and epigenomic regulation","volume":"82","author":"Herman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01591-0","article-title":"LncRNA-encoded peptides in cancer","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad112","article-title":"LncRNA-encoded peptides: Unveiling their significance in cardiovascular physiology and pathology-current research insights","volume":"119","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02131-7","article-title":"CircRNA and lncRNA-encoded peptide in diseases, an update review","volume":"23","author":"Yi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00694-9","article-title":"Transcription regulation by long non-coding RNAs: Mechanisms and disease relevance","volume":"25","author":"Ferrer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Q., Li, J., Qi, Y., He, X., Shen, C., Wang, C., Wang, X., Xia, Q., Zhang, Y., and Pan, Z. (2024). Copper overload exacerbates testicular aging mediated by lncRNA:CR43306 deficiency through ferroptosis in Drosophila. Redox Biol., 76.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103315"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.199547.115","article-title":"Critical roles of long noncoding RNAs in Drosophila spermatogenesis","volume":"26","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00566-8","article-title":"Long non-coding RNAs: Definitions, functions, challenges and recommendations","volume":"24","author":"Mattick","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.104","article-title":"The functions and unique features of long intergenic non-coding RNA","volume":"19","author":"Ransohoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12943","article-title":"The evolution of lncRNA repertoires and expression patterns in tetrapods","volume":"505","author":"Necsulea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.264333.120","article-title":"Panoramic transcriptome analysis and functional screening of long noncoding RNAs in mouse spermatogenesis","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-020-00660-6","article-title":"Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in spermatogenesis and male infertility","volume":"18","author":"Joshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2022.05.013","article-title":"lncRNAs in fertility: Redefining the gene expression paradigm?","volume":"38","author":"Tzur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.101930","article-title":"Overexpression of lncRNA-Gm2044 in spermatogonia impairs spermatogenesis in partial seminiferous tubules","volume":"101","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-024-05414-w","article-title":"LncRNA ACVR2B-as1 interacts with ALDOA to regulate the self-renewal and apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells by controlling glycolysis activity","volume":"81","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabg5177","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abg5177","article-title":"Testicular germ cell-specific lncRNA, Teshl, is required for complete expression of Y chromosome genes and a normal offspring sex ratio","volume":"7","author":"Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28677-y","article-title":"Kastor and Polluks polypeptides encoded by a single gene locus cooperatively regulate VDAC and spermatogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Mise","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewandowski, J.P., Dumbovi\u0107, G., Watson, A.R., Hwang, T., Jacobs-Palmer, E., Chang, N., Much, C., Turner, K.M., Kirby, C., and Rubinstein, N.D. (2020). The Tug1 lncRNA locus is essential for male fertility. Genome Biol., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-020-02081-5"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioy253","article-title":"Expression profiles and characteristics of human lncRNA in normal and asthenozoospermia sperm","volume":"100","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2020.104528","article-title":"Investigating the regulatory function of the ANO1-AS2 on the ANO1 gene in infertile men with asthenozoospermia and terato-asthenozoospermia","volume":"117","author":"Saberiyan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2023.107333","article-title":"Sperm-borne lncRNA loc100847420 improves development of early bovine embryos","volume":"257","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199419000650","article-title":"Functions and mechanism of noncoding RNA in the somatic cells of the testis","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zygote"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otsuka, K., Matsubara, S., Shiraishi, A., Takei, N., Satoh, Y., Terao, M., Takada, S., Kotani, T., Satake, H., and Kimura, A.P. (2021). A Testis-Specific Long Noncoding RNA, Start, Is a Regulator of Steroidogenesis in Mouse Leydig Cells. Front. Endocrinol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.665874"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, X., Liu, X., Zhang, X., Yang, Y., Gao, H., Gao, J., Bao, H., Zhao, L., Yang, G., and Zhang, Y. (2023). The long noncoding RNA CIRBIL is a regulator of steroidogenesis in mice. Reprod. Biol., 23.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2023.100783"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04142-3","article-title":"LncRNA Tug1 maintains blood-testis barrier integrity by modulating Ccl2 expression in high-fat diet mice","volume":"79","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112792","article-title":"Cypermethrin triggers YY1-mediated testosterone biosynthesis suppression","volume":"225","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-20-0568","article-title":"LncRNA LOC102176306 plays important roles in goat testicular development","volume":"161","author":"An","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-024-03860-3","article-title":"Long noncoding RNA XIST inhibition promotes Leydig cell apoptosis by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-145a-5p that targets SIRT1 in late-onset hypogonadism","volume":"395","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, L., Shi, G.R., Huang, D.D., Li, Y., Ma, C.C., Shi, M., Su, B.X., and Shi, G.J. (2019). Male sexual dysfunction: A review of literature on its pathological mechanisms, potential risk factors, and herbal drug intervention. Biomed. Pharmacother., 112.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.01.046"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"39","article-title":"Testosterone and sexual activity","volume":"28","author":"Vignozzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shabtai, R., and Tzur, Y.B. (2023). Male-specific roles of lincRNA in C. elegans fertility. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1115605"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez063","article-title":"RNA profiling of human testicular cells identifies syntenic lncRNAs associated with spermatogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Rolland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong, S.H., Kwon, J.T., Kim, J., Jeong, J., Kim, J., Lee, S., and Cho, C. (2018). Profiling of testis-specific long noncoding RNAs in mice. BMC Genom., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4931-3"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Dong, S., Chen, C., Liu, X., Zeng, X., Gao, Y., and Zhang, X. (2022). lncRNA 1700101O22Rik and NONMMUG030480.1 Are Not Essential for Spermatogenesis in Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158627"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2004.08.021","article-title":"Testis-specific transcriptional control","volume":"343","author":"Grimes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00528-19","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00528-19","article-title":"When Long Noncoding Becomes Protein Coding","volume":"40","author":"Hartford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bby055","article-title":"The small peptide world in long noncoding RNAs","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2019-104","article-title":"Two novel testis-specific long noncoding RNAs produced by 1700121C10Rik are dispensable for male fertility in mice","volume":"66","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1071\/RD20284","article-title":"Predicted gene 31453 (Gm31453) and the gene encoding carboxypeptidase A5 (Cpa5) are not essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility in the mouse","volume":"33","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1071\/RD19246","article-title":"Deletion of lncRNA5512 has no effect on spermatogenesis and reproduction in mice","volume":"32","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Fertil. Dev."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"115","article-title":"TSPYL1 regulates steroidogenic gene expression and male factor fertility in mice","volume":"1","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"FS Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badawy, M.T., Sobeh, M., Xiao, J., and Farag, M.A. (2021). Androstenedione (a Natural Steroid and a Drug Supplement): A Comprehensive Review of Its Consumption, Metabolism, Health Effects, and Toxicity with Sex Differences. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26206210"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283381a31","article-title":"New frontiers in androgen biosynthesis and metabolism","volume":"17","author":"Penning","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2022.101665","article-title":"Basics of androgen synthesis and action","volume":"36","year":"2022","journal-title":"Best. Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.04.006","article-title":"Kisspeptin\/GnRH1 system in Leydig cells of horse (Equus caballus): Presence and function","volume":"152","author":"Petrucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E475","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00086.2012","article-title":"Anandamide regulates the expression of GnRH1, GnRH2, and GnRH-Rs in frog testis","volume":"303","author":"Chianese","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12601","article-title":"Phosphorylation of GATA4 serine 105 but not serine 261 is required for testosterone production in the male mouse","volume":"7","author":"Bergeron","year":"2019","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2566","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-249219","article-title":"Overlapping dose responses of spermatogenic and extragonadal testosterone actions jeopardize the principle of hormonal male contraception","volume":"28","author":"Oduwole","year":"2014","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.166435","article-title":"Effects of velvet antler polypeptide on sexual behavior and testosterone synthesis in aging male mice","volume":"18","author":"Zang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2019.tb00093.x","article-title":"Neuroendocrine Regulation of Male Sexual Behavior","volume":"9","author":"Hull","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e165568","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.165568","article-title":"Stress-enhanced cardiac lncRNA Morrbid protects hearts from acute myocardial infarction","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H332","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00444.2019","article-title":"LncRNA TUG1 mediates ischemic myocardial injury by targeting miR-132-3p\/HDAC3 axis","volume":"318","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070801","article-title":"Phenotype of a calbindin-D9k gene knockout is compensated for by the induction of other calcium transporter genes in a mouse model","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead015","article-title":"The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in the testis","volume":"38","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"e60154","article-title":"Assessment of Sexual Behavior of Male Mice","volume":"157","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/12\/5801\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:53:32Z","timestamp":1760032412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/12\/5801"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26125801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26125801","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1422-0067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]}}}