{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T13:48:37Z","timestamp":1793713717253,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), previously known as Henoch\u2013Sch\u00f6nlein purpura (HSP), is a type of non-thrombocytopenic small-vessel vasculitis. HSP is the most common systemic vasculitis in pediatric patients, and it is characterized by purpura, arthritis or arthralgia, gastrointestinal pain, and renal dysfunction. This retrospective analysis also examines a range of demographic factors, including sex, geographic and environmental influences, age, and medication, to evaluate their potential effects on the pediatric population affected by HSP. The five-year hospital-based retrospective analysis included 138 hospitalized children diagnosed with HSP during hospitalization. Blood sample analysis was conducted to assess various immunological parameters, including levels of immunoglobulins (IgA and IgE), complement components (C3 and C4), C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and allergen panels. Elevated IgE levels and normal IgA serum concentrations were found to be strongly associated with infectious diseases in pediatric HSP patients. Patients with recurrent infectious diseases consistently exhibited elevated IgE levels and normal IgA levels during treatment despite no identified allergens, alongside an increased risk of disease recurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T08:50:57Z","timestamp":1750755057000},"page":"6053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum IgE and IgA Levels in Pediatric Henoch\u2013Sch\u00f6nlein Purpura: Clinical Characteristics and Immunological Correlations in the Context of Infectious Diseases\u2014A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0953-8168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00eenziana","family":"Opri\u021bescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5492-0975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Viorela","family":"Ni\u021bescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cGrigore Alexandrescu\u201d Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 017443 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Golumbeanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Boghi\u021boiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cGrigore Alexandrescu\u201d Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 017443 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Discipline of Pediatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena Iuliana","family":"Ioni\u021b\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4516-791X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Licu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larisa-Marina-Elisabeth","family":"Chirigiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Petru Rares, 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9696-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta","family":"Popovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mountain Economics, \u201cCostin C. 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