{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:12:37Z","timestamp":1792465957708,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":264,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004515","name":"the Centre for Research and Instrumentation Management (CRIM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DIP-2024-005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DIP-2024-005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Helicobacter\u00a0pylori (H. pylori) infection is a leading cause of gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer, affecting more than half of the global population. Its persistence in the acidic gastric environment and its ability to evade host immunity present major treatment challenges. Although antibiotics remain the standard therapy, rising antimicrobial resistance has reduced treatment efficacy, prompting the search for alternative and adjunct approaches. Emerging therapies include probiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and plant-derived compounds, which target H. pylori through membrane disruption, immunomodulation, or direct antimicrobial activity. Novel drug delivery systems and microbiota-sparing interventions are also being investigated. Additionally, vaccine development offers a promising strategy for long-term protection, though challenges related to antigenic variability and host-specific responses remain. Despite these advances, treatment variability and the limited clinical validation of alternatives hinder progress. A multifaceted approach integrating microbiome research, host\u2013pathogen interactions, and new therapeutic agents is essential for future success.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T09:24:18Z","timestamp":1750757058000},"page":"6064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Towards Effective Helicobacter pylori Eradication: Emerging Therapies in the Wake of Antibiotic Resistance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8861-2786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barathan","family":"Muttiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2114-9643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wathiqah","family":"Wahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4083-2288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asif","family":"Sukri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia"},{"name":"GUT Research Group, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfizah","family":"Hanafiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"},{"name":"GUT Research Group, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elbehiry, A., Marzouk, E., Aldubaib, M., Abalkhail, A., Anagreyyah, S., Anajirih, N., Almuzaini, A.M., Rawway, M., Alfadhel, A., and Draz, A. 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