{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:07:15Z","timestamp":1787069235003,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004166","name":"Medical University of Warsaw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NZME\/1\/Z\/GW\/N\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NZME\/1\/Z\/GW\/N\/23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rosavin, a glycoside isolated from Rhodiola rosea, exhibits various biological activities, including potential modulation of metabolic pathways. Despite promising findings in animal models, its effects on many human bone cells remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the in vitro effects of rosavin on human osteoblasts (HOBs), focusing on BMP-2 expression, cell morphology, and culture confluence as indicators of osteogenic activity. HOB cultures were treated with 50 \u00b5M or 100 \u00b5M rosavin for 21 days. BMP-2 expression was measured by ELISA, collagen production was assessed via Sirius Red staining, and cell morphology and confluence were evaluated using phase-contrast microscopy. A significant increase in BMP-2 expression was observed in the 100 \u00b5M rosavin group compared to the mineralization control (p &lt; 0.05), particularly on days 14 and 21. Both rosavin-treated groups exhibited higher confluence than controls, with the 50 \u00b5M group showing unexpectedly greater confluence than the 100 \u00b5M group. Rosavin at 50 \u00b5M also promoted a cuboidal morphology characteristic of active HOBs. The presence of collagen validated both the successful progression of the mineralization process and the correct implementation of the experimental protocol. Rosavin enhances BMP-2 expression and supports HOB proliferation and morphological maturation in vitro. These findings suggest its potential as a supportive agent in the prevention or treatment of metabolic bone diseases. Further research is necessary to determine its bioavailability, safety profile, and therapeutic relevance in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T12:05:40Z","timestamp":1750766740000},"page":"6075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effect of Rosavin, a Characteristic Compound of Rhodiola rosea, on BMP-2 Induction and Osteoblast Proliferation In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3309-996X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Wojdasiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Cha\u0142ubi\u0144skiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edyta","family":"Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Cha\u0142ubi\u0144skiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1510-3454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Stolarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteura Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El\u017cbieta U.","family":"Stolarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spectrometric Methods Department, National Medicine Institute, 30\/34 Che\u0142mska Street, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4102-7360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Mikulska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Cha\u0142ubi\u0144skiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0124-060X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Szukiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Cha\u0142ubi\u0144skiego Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ivanova Stojcheva, E., and Quintela, J.C. 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