{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:35:09Z","timestamp":1790710509935,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"National Science Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/03\/X\/NZ7\/00440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/03\/X\/NZ7\/00440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Poplar leaves (Populi folium) are a herbal remedy traditionally used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and prostate inflammation. The aim of our study was a comprehensive identification of secondary metabolites occurring in the leaves of Populus alba, Populus \u00d7 candicans, and Populus nigra, in order to search for a source of raw plant material rich in active compounds. Total salicylate (TSC), flavonoid (TFC), and phenolic compound (TPC) contents were determined, and the antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2\u2032-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays as well as 2D-TLC (two-dimensional thin layer chromatography) bioautography using DPPH, riboflavin-light-NBT (nitro blue tetrazolium chloride), and xanthine oxidase inhibition tests. Secondary metabolites present in the analyzed poplar leaves were identified under the developed HPLC-DAD-ESI\/MS (high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection analysis conditions and using the 2D-TLC method. Among the 80 identified compounds, 13 were shown for the first time in the genus Populus. The most diverse and similar set of flavonoids characterized the leaves of P. \u00d7 candicans and P. nigra, while numerous salicylic compounds were present in the leaves of P. alba and P. \u00d7 candicans. All analyzed leaves are a rich source of phenolic compounds. The highest flavonoid content was found in the leaves of P. \u00d7 candicans and P. nigra, while the leaves of P. alba were characterized by the highest content of salicylates. All examined poplar leaves demonstrated antioxidant potential in all the assays used, which decreased in the following order: P. nigra, P. \u00d7 candicans, P. alba.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T03:33:25Z","timestamp":1750995205000},"page":"6189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["HPLC-DAD-ESI\/MS and 2D-TLC Analyses of Secondary Metabolites from Selected Poplar Leaves and an Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Potential"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0771-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loretta","family":"Pob\u0142ocka-Olech","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, Gen. J. Hallera Str. 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0344-7401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miros\u0142awa","family":"Krauze-Baranowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, Gen. J. Hallera Str. 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Godlewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, Gen. J. Hallera Str. 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6112-4707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, Gen. J. Hallera Str. 107, 80-416 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nisar, A., Jagtap, S., Vyavahare, S., Deshpande, M., Harsulkar, A., Ranjekar, P., and Prakash, O. (2023). Phytochemicals in the Treatment of Inflammation-Associated Diseases: The Journey from Preclinical Trials to Clinical Practice. Front. 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