{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T17:54:29Z","timestamp":1774634069234,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Synevo Romania"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A large cohort of Romanian children suspected of celiac disease (CD) received comprehensive evaluation through this study regarding serological, genetic, and biochemical markers. This study investigated the relationships between anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG), anti-endomysium antibodies (EMAs), anti-gliadin deamidated (DGP) antibodies, and HLA genotyping. A strong association was observed between high anti-tTG IgA titers (&gt;100 U\/mL) and EMA IgA positivity, with a 95% concordance rate. Furthermore, anti-tTG IgA positive correlated with a significant prevalence of DGP antibodies, suggesting the complementary diagnostic role of DGP antibodies in equivocal cases. Genetic testing for HLA-DQ2\/DQ8 alleles validated their association with celiac disease susceptibility, with 50% of the studied patients exhibiting these markers. The research reveals that vitamin D insufficiency affects a large number of children with anti-tTG antibodies, thus requiring both screening and supplementation practices. Furthermore, associations with other autoimmune conditions were explored, including thyroid and diabetes-related autoantibodies. This research demonstrates why CD diagnosis and management require a complete approach that combines serological tests with genetic evaluation and prompt intervention for related health conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T05:28:28Z","timestamp":1751347708000},"page":"6251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Serological, Genetic, and Biochemical Insights into Celiac Disease Diagnosis and Vitamin D Deficiency in Romanian Children: A Comprehensive Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7027-6956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana Alexandra","family":"Pavelescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ileana Delia","family":"Sabau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Synevo,  060201 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Sanda-Dira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synevo,  060201 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra Antonela","family":"Iacata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synevo,  060201 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoanela","family":"Curici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Synevo,  060201 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60254-3","article-title":"Coeliac disease","volume":"373","author":"Corazza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000523","article-title":"Incidence of Celiac Disease Is Increasing Over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. 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