{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T04:02:40Z","timestamp":1771041760560,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Innovative functional materials integrating host\u2013guest complexes in cryogels offer promising applications in topical drug delivery, enhancing drug solubility and stability. In this study, we designed and developed a cryogel-based patch for acne treatment by polymerizing an acrylate-functionalized \u03b3-cyclodextrin (\u03b3-CD) and trimethoprim (TMP) inclusion complex with [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (AETMA) at low temperatures. A multistep workflow was applied to synthesize the inclusion complex via mortar-assisted kneading, followed by cryogel formulation through radical cryopolymerization. The resulting hybrid system leverages the cationic nature of AETMA to promote adhesion and electrostatic interactions with the skin surface. At the same time, \u03b3-CD serves as a drug reservoir, facilitating sustained release of the drug. The system was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, and SEM analyses. In vitro release studies demonstrated a sustained TMP release profile, best described by the Korsmeyer\u2013Peppas diffusion model. Antibacterial assays confirmed the system\u2019s effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus, supporting its potential for localized and prolonged acne treatment. Moreover, cytocompatibility tests demonstrated that the formulation is biocompatible, further validating its suitability for topical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T06:56:54Z","timestamp":1751353014000},"page":"6319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of a \u03b3-Cyclodextrin-Based Cryogel Loaded with Trimethoprim for Acne Treatment: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6736-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta Grazia","family":"Tomarchio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Giglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0405-5095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Fuochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4553-743X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Furnari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1782-9758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pio Maria","family":"Furneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6157-7442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Mecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR-ICB, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3127-9580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro","family":"Dattilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Polymers, Composites, and Biomaterials CNR-IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1220-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Zagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5039-2151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Rescifina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi (CINMPIS), Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Omidian, H., Akhzarmehr, A., and Gill, E.J. (2025). Cyclodextrin\u2013Hydrogel Hybrids in Advanced Drug Delivery. 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