{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:07:30Z","timestamp":1783696050703,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SKN\/SP\/601279\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKN\/SP\/601279\/2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31\/160\/RGJ25\/0277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31\/160\/RGJ25\/0277"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Silesian University of Technology","award":["SKN\/SP\/601279\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKN\/SP\/601279\/2024"]}]},{"name":"Silesian University of Technology","award":["31\/160\/RGJ25\/0277"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31\/160\/RGJ25\/0277"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Being one of the most aggressive primary brain tumors, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known from the median survivals of just 15 months following diagnosis. Conventional treatments, including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have limited efficiency due to the invasive nature of glioma cells and the presence of a blood\u2013brain barrier. Therefore, adjuvant therapy in the form of a localized delivery of chemotherapeutic agents is indispensable to increase the chances of patients. Among a variety of advanced drug carriers, collagen has recently emerged as an excellent choice for regional chemotherapy, mainly due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, weak antigenicity, biomimetics, and well-known safety profile, as well as its native presence in the extracellular matrix of the central nervous system. The aim of this paper is to highlight the most recent studies describing the application of collagen as a drug carrier able to provide an extended delivery of chemotherapeutic agents directly to the GBM site, and to provide exciting opportunities for its future applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26136513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T08:58:23Z","timestamp":1751878703000},"page":"6513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Collagen-Based Drug Delivery Agents for Glioblastoma Multiforme Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Guzdek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Chemistry Students Research Society, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaja","family":"Fo\u0142ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Chemistry Students Research Society, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Staniek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Chemistry Students Research Society, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Stolarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Chemistry Students Research Society, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0503-0906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Krukiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"},{"name":"Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grochans, S., Cybulska, A.M., Simi\u0144ska, D., Korbecki, J., Kojder, K., Chlubek, D., and Baranowska-Bosiacka, I. (2022). Epidemiology of Glioblastoma Multiforme\u2013Literature Review. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14102412"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.5114\/wo.2014.40559","article-title":"Glioblastoma Multiforme\u2014An Overview","volume":"18","author":"Urbanska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contemp. Oncol.\/Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna Onkol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.117.014944","article-title":"Current Challenges and Opportunities in Treating Glioblastomas","volume":"70","author":"Shergalis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4793","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.32475","article-title":"Glioblastoma Treatment Modalities besides Surgery","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.158616","article-title":"Collagen IV\/Laminin-1 Coated Temozolomide-Prodrug Hydrogel for Recruiting and Eradicating Residual Glioma Cells","volume":"503","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maryam, S., and Krukiewicz, K. (2024). Sweeten the Pill: Multi-Faceted Polysaccharide-Based Carriers for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 282.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.136696"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arun, A., Malrautu, P., Laha, A., Luo, H., and Ramakrishna, S. (2021). Collagen Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery Systems and Tissue Engineering. Appl. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/app112311369"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moliterno Gunel, J., Piepmeier, J., and Baehring, J. (2016). Glioblastoma. Malignant Brain Tumors: State-Of-The-Art Treatment, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49864-5"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-023-01605-x","article-title":"On the Origin and Development of Glioblastoma: Multifaceted Role of Perivascular Mesenchymal Stromal Cells","volume":"11","author":"Khettab","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamimi, A.F., and Juweid, M. (2017). Epidemiology and Outcome of Glioblastoma. Glioblastoma, Exon Publications.","DOI":"10.15586\/codon.glioblastoma.2017.ch8"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n1560","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1560","article-title":"Glioblastoma: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management","volume":"374","author":"McKinnon","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodgers, L.T., Villano, J.L., Hartz, A.M.S., and Bauer, B. (2024). Glioblastoma Standard of Care: Effects on Tumor Evolution and Reverse Translation in Preclinical Models. Cancers, 16.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202406.1373.v1"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21648","article-title":"Different Angiogenic Phenotypes in Primary and Secondary Glioblastomas","volume":"118","author":"Karcher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"894","article-title":"Radiotherapy and Radiosensitizers in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme","volume":"5","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Adv. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90203-8","article-title":"Influence of Location and Extent of Surgical Resection on Survival of Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme: Results of Three Consecutive Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Clinical Trials","volume":"26","author":"Simpson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377-IN7","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.81572","article-title":"NHERF-1: Modulator of Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Invasion","volume":"11","author":"Kislin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2011.08.020","article-title":"Adjuvant Immunotherapy with Whole-Cell Lysate Dendritic Cells Vaccine for Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Phase II Clinical Trial","volume":"77","author":"Cho","year":"2012","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111102","article-title":"Guanylate Binding Protein 1 Is a Novel Effector of EGFR-Driven Invasion in Glioblastoma","volume":"208","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2010.481667","article-title":"RNA Interference Therapy for Glioblastoma","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Angom, R.S., Nakka, N.M.R., and Bhattacharya, S. (2023). Advances in Glioblastoma Therapy: An Update on Current Approaches. Brain Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13111536"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luksik, A.S., Yazigi, E., Shah, P., and Jackson, C.M. (2023). CAR T Cell Therapy in Glioblastoma: Overcoming Challenges Related to Antigen Expression. Cancers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15051414"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diller, R.B., and Tabor, A.J. (2022). The Role of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) in Wound Healing: A Review. Biomimetics, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics7030087"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soles, A., Selimovic, A., Sbrocco, K., Ghannoum, F., Hamel, K., Moncada, E.L., Gilliat, S., and Cvetanovic, M. (2023). Extracellular Matrix Regulation in Physiology and in Brain Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087049"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1054\/jocn.1999.0212","article-title":"Extracellular Matrix and the Brain: Components and Function","volume":"7","author":"Novak","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.230273","article-title":"Collagen for Brain Repair: Therapeutic Perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Ucar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2021.105033","article-title":"Natural Biomaterials in Brain Repair: A Focus on Collagen","volume":"146","author":"Ucar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.11.019","article-title":"ECM and ECM-like Materials\u2014Biomaterials for Applications in Regenerative Medicine and Cancer Therapy","volume":"97","author":"Hinderer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naomi, R., Ridzuan, P.M., and Bahari, H. (2021). Current Insights into Collagen Type I. Polymers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13162642"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.26502\/fccm.92920302","article-title":"Regulation of Collagen I and Collagen III in Tissue Injury and Regeneration","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ricard-Blum, S. (2011). The Collagen Family. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol., 3.","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a004978"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2025.02.007","article-title":"Post-Translational Modifications of Collagen and Its Related Diseases in Metabolic Pathways","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Sephel, G., and Woodward, S. (2006). Repair, Regeneration, and Fibrosis. Rubin\u2019s Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeung, C.Y.C., Svensson, R.B., Mogensen, N.M.B., Merkel, M.F.R., Schjerling, P., Jokipii-Utzon, A., Zhang, C., Carstensen, H., Buhl, R., and Kjaer, M. (J. Anat., 2024). Mechanical Properties, Collagen and Glycosaminoglycan Content of Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tendons Are Not Affected by Training, J. Anat., Online ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.14051"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2012.06.018","article-title":"Synthetic Collagen Fascicles for the Regeneration of Tendon Tissue","volume":"8","author":"Kew","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, C., Hao, Z., Wen, S., and Leng, H. (2014). A Quantitative Study of the Relationship between the Distribution of Different Types of Collagen and the Mechanical Behavior of Rabbit Medial Collateral Ligaments. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103363"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan, Z., Lin, B., Wang, C., Yan, Z., Yang, F., and Su, H. (2025). Collagen Remodeling-Mediated Signaling Pathways and Their Impact on Tumor Therapy. J. Biol. Chem., 301.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2025.108330"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01801-0","article-title":"Turnover of Type I and III Collagen Predicts Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","volume":"22","author":"Jessen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/osi2.1182","article-title":"Collagen Cross-Linking in Oral Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Uzawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oral Sci. Int."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.075","article-title":"Current Methods of Collagen Cross-Linking: Review","volume":"161","author":"Adamiak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2008.01.002","article-title":"Advances in Collagen Cross-Link Analysis","volume":"45","author":"Eyre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1007\/s12034-012-0376-5","article-title":"Enhanced Physicochemical Properties of Collagen by Using EDC\/NHS-Crosslinking","volume":"35","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bull. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sionkowska, A., Kulka-Kami\u0144ska, K., Brudzy\u0144ska, P., Lewandowska, K., and Piwowarski, \u0141. (2024). The Influence of Various Crosslinking Conditions of EDC\/NHS on the Properties of Fish Collagen Film. Mar. Drugs, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/md22050194"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-015-5627-8","article-title":"Optimisation of UV Irradiation as a Binding Site Conserving Method for Crosslinking Collagen-Based Scaffolds","volume":"27","author":"Davidenko","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2007.05.236","article-title":"Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Extracellular Matrix","volume":"580","author":"Mohamed","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verma, A.K. (2022). Collagen-Based Biomaterial as Drug Delivery Module. Collagen Biomaterials, IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.103063"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.32031","article-title":"Cross-Linking of Extruded Collagen Fibers\u2014A Biomimetic Three-Dimensional Scaffold for Tissue Engineering Applications","volume":"89A","author":"Zeugolis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0350849","article-title":"Biochemistry and Functional Significance of Collagen Cross-Linking","volume":"35","author":"Robins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16440","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.641670","article-title":"Lysyl Oxidase Activity Is Required for Ordered Collagen Fibrillogenesis by Tendon Cells","volume":"290","author":"Herchenhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.11.054","article-title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Bioevaluation of Drug-Collagen Hybrid Materials for Biomedical Applications","volume":"510","author":"Voicu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Idu, A.A., Albu Kaya, M.G., R\u0103u, I., Radu, N., Dinu-P\u00eervu, C.E., and Ghica, M.V. (2024). Novel Collagen Membrane Formulations with Irinotecan or Minocycline for Potential Application in Brain Cancer. Materials, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17143510"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2024.105527","article-title":"An Injectable in Situ Hydrogel Platform for Sustained Drug Release against Glioblastoma","volume":"95","author":"Yue","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, K., Li, Y., and Chen, J. (2024). Effect of PH on the Structure, Functional Properties and Rheological Properties of Collagen from Greenfin Horse-Faced Filefish (Thamnaconus septentrionalis) Skin. Mar. Drugs, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/md22010045"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Setoyama, S., Haraguchi, R., Aoki, S., Oishi, Y., and Narita, T. (2024). PH-Responsive Collagen Hydrogels Prepared by UV Irradiation in the Presence of Riboflavin. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910439"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knapp, J.P., Kakish, J.E., Bridle, B.W., and Speicher, D.J. (2022). Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10082024"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohmes, J., Saure, L.M., Sch\u00fctt, F., Trenkel, M., Seekamp, A., Scherlie\u00df, R., Adelung, R., and Fuchs, S. (2022). Injectable Thermosensitive Chitosan-Collagen Hydrogel as A Delivery System for Marine Polysaccharide Fucoidan. Mar. Drugs, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/md20060402"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105780","article-title":"Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM): An Overview of Current Therapies and Mechanisms of Resistance","volume":"171","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seker-Polat, F., Degirmenci, N.P., Solaroglu, I., and Bagci-Onder, T. (2022). Tumor Cell Infiltration into the Brain in Glioblastoma: From Mechanisms to Clinical Perspectives. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14020443"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-022-00621-0","article-title":"Advances in Local Therapy for Glioblastoma\u2014Taking the Fight to the Tumour","volume":"18","author":"Nieland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.03.015","article-title":"Matrix Metalloproteinases: Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"141","author":"Kessenbrock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2009.300","article-title":"Lentivirus Immobilization to Nanoparticles for Enhanced and Localized Delivery from Hydrogels","volume":"18","author":"Shin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3878","article-title":"Guiding Intracortical Brain Tumour Cells to an Extracortical Cytotoxic Hydrogel Using Aligned Polymeric Nanofibres","volume":"13","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2018.07.971","article-title":"Dosimetric Impact of Cesium 131 Seed Migration in Collagen Carrier Brain Brachytherapy Implants","volume":"102","author":"Pinnaduwage","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338221106852","article-title":"Dosimetric Impacts of Source Migration, Radioisotope Type, and Decay with Permanent Implantable Collagen Tile Brachytherapy for Brain Tumors","volume":"21","author":"Pinnaduwage","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"vi272","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox168.1117","article-title":"SCDT-36. Novel Modular, Permanently Implanted Collagen-Based Device for Intraoperative Brachytherapy in Patients with Central Nervous System Tumors","volume":"19","author":"Youssef","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-024-01226-x","article-title":"Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma: Current State, Challenges, and Future Perspectives","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.11.062","article-title":"RNAi Functionalized Collagen-Chitosan\/Silicone Membrane Bilayer Dermal Equivalent for Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration with Inhibited Scarring","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-023-01833-6","article-title":"Detection of Endometriosis Lesions Using Gd-Based Collagen I Targeting Probe in Murine Models of Endometriosis","volume":"25","author":"Talebloo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging Biol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoudi, M., Zhao, M., Matsuura, Y., Laurent, S., Yang, P.C., Bernstein, D., Ruiz-Lozano, P., and Serpooshan, V. (2016). Infection-Resistant MRI-Visible Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Bioimpacts, 6.","DOI":"10.15171\/bi.2016.16"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, H. (2021). A Review of the Effects of Collagen Treatment in Clinical Studies. Polymers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13223868"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.06.015","article-title":"Assessment of Joint Pharmacokinetics and Consequences for the Intraarticular Delivery of Biologics","volume":"348","author":"Siefen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00311-X","article-title":"Biodegradable Polymer Implants to Treat Brain Tumors","volume":"74","author":"Brem","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/13\/6513\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:05:30Z","timestamp":1760033130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/13\/6513"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26136513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26136513","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]}}}