{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:53:02Z","timestamp":1789840382211,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad UTE","award":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"]}]},{"name":"Universidad de Cuenca","award":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"]}]},{"name":"niversidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar","award":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"]}]},{"name":"Corporaci\u00f3n Ecuatoriana para el Desarrollo de la Investigaci\u00f3n y la Academia (CEDIA)","award":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I+D+I-XVIII-2023-39-Biopsa l\u00edquida"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with a rising global incidence. In Ecuador, TC rates are among the highest worldwide. Generally, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) remains the standard diagnostic tool; however, due to its limitations, alternative or complementary approaches are required. In this context, liquid biopsy, particularly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), offers a promising, minimally invasive option for tumor genotyping. Objective: This study evaluated the concordance between genetic variants identified in ctDNA and tumor tissue. Thirty-six women with papillary thyroid cancer were included. Tumor tissue and blood samples were collected, and DNA was extracted. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) using the TruSight Tumor 15 panel identified genetic variants in both ctDNA and tumor DNA. Variant pathogenicity was assessed following ACMG guidelines. Genetic ancestry was determined using Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs). A total of 71 cancer-associated variants were detected, with 81.69% concordance between tumor DNA and ctDNA. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene. While most pathogenic variants were found in tumor tissue, some variants appeared exclusively in ctDNA samples on specific patients, suggesting tumor heterogeneity. Ancestry analysis revealed a predominant Native American component (62.4%). Liquid biopsy demonstrates high concordance with tumor tissue analysis and holds potential as a complementary diagnostic tool for thyroid cancer. However, challenges such as low ctDNA yield and underrepresentation in genetic databases highlight the need for improved protocols and increased inclusion of admixed populations in genomic studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26146987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T09:33:53Z","timestamp":1753090433000},"page":"6987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating Liquid Biopsy for Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Detection as a Complementary Diagnostic Tool in Thyroid Cancer Among Ecuadorian Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8463-6046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Cadena-Ullauri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9301-2614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana A.","family":"Ruiz-Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elius","family":"Paz-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9059-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Tamayo-Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4829-3653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Guevara-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Jaramillo-Calvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Cirug\u00eda de Cabeza y Cuello del Hospital Carlos Andrade Mar\u00edn, Quito 170402, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristhian","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikaela","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC), Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Quito 170102, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maritza","family":"Ochoa-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo PharmaGenTox del Departamento de Biociencias, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausto","family":"Zaruma-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo PharmaGenTox del Departamento de Biociencias, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Favian","family":"Bayas-Morej\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n CIMABiF, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Recursos Naturales y del Ambiente, Universidad Estatal de Bol\u00edvar, Guaranda 020150, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Len\u00edn","family":"Guam\u00e1n-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4102-3965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Karina","family":"Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Gen\u00e9tica y Gen\u00f3mica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170129, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000003284","article-title":"Global burden of thyroid cancer in 2022: Incidence and mortality estimates from GLOBOCAN","volume":"137","author":"Lyu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"e23964","article-title":"Thyroid cancer in Ecuador: A genetic variants review and a cross-sectional population-based analysis before and after COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Zambrano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cadena-Ullauri, S., Paz-Cruz, E., Tamayo-Trujillo, R., Guevara-Ram\u00edrez, P., Ruiz-Pozo, V., Solis-Pazmino, P., Garcia, C., Godoy, R., Lincango-Naranjo, E., and Zambrano, A.K. (2023). Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report. Front. Oncol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1101530"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.26348","article-title":"Thyroid Cancer: A Review","volume":"331","author":"Boucai","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2022.1553","article-title":"Update from the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Thyroid Tumors: A Standardized Diagnostic Approach","volume":"37","author":"Jung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"66","article-title":"Risk factors for thyroid cancer: What do we know so far?","volume":"59","author":"Girotto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Clin. Croat."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.4804","article-title":"Evaluation of Gender Inequity in Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: Differences by Sex in US Thyroid Cancer Incidence Compared with a Meta-analysis of Subclinical Thyroid Cancer Rates at Autopsy","volume":"181","author":"Leclair","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moleti, M., Sturniolo, G., Di Mauro, M., Russo, M., and Vermiglio, F. (2017). Female Reproductive Factors and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Front. Endocrinol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00111"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T273","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-14-0053","article-title":"Estrogen and its role in thyroid cancer","volume":"21","author":"Derwahl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr. Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2023.1669","article-title":"A Comprehensive Assessment of the Harms of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy for Thyroid Nodules: A Systematic Review","volume":"38","author":"Park","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.45.2011","article-title":"Liquid Biopsies: Genotyping Circulating Tumor DNA","volume":"32","author":"Diaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-018-0071-5","article-title":"Current and future perspectives of liquid biopsies in genomics-driven oncology","volume":"20","author":"Heitzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-021-00939-5","article-title":"Clinical implementation and current advancement of blood liquid biopsy in cancer","volume":"66","author":"Watanabe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3359","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1072","article-title":"Circulating BRAFV600E in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Differentiated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","volume":"98","author":"Pupilli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.08.013","article-title":"Circulating tumour DNA is a potential biomarker for disease progression and response to targeted therapy in advanced thyroid cancer","volume":"103","author":"Allin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"3389","article-title":"Detection of ctDNA in the plasma of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-4544","article-title":"Genetic alterations in cfDNA of benign and malignant thyroid nodules based on amplicon-based next-generation sequencing","volume":"8","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32928","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032928","article-title":"Diagnostic value of cell-free DNA in thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marotta, V., Cennamo, M., La Civita, E., Vitale, M., and Terracciano, D. (2022). Cell-Free DNA Analysis within the Challenges of Thyroid Cancer Management. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14215370"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25155","article-title":"Analysis of circulating tumor DNA does not improve the clinical management of patients with locally advanced and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"40","author":"Condello","year":"2018","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23195","article-title":"Study of peripheral BRAF(V600E) mutation as a possible novel marker for papillary thyroid carcinomas","volume":"35","author":"Kwak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jensen, K., Thakur, S., Patel, A., Mendonca-Torres, M.C., Costello, J., Gomes-Lima, C.J., Walter, M., Wartofsky, L., Burman, K.D., and Bikas, A. (2020). Detection of BRAFV600E in Liquid Biopsy from Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer Is Associated with Tumor Aggressiveness and Response to Therapy. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082481"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2021.0267","article-title":"Circulating Tumor DNA Harboring the BRAFV600E Mutation May Predict Poor Outcomes of Primary Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients","volume":"31","author":"Sato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8909224","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8909224","article-title":"Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients with Thyroid Nodules","volume":"2021","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283ra54","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa1408","article-title":"Clonal status of actionable driver events and the timing of mutational processes in cancer evolution","volume":"7","author":"McGranahan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fugazzola, L., Muzza, M., Pogliaghi, G., and Vitale, M. (2020). Intratumoral Genetic Heterogeneity in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Occurrence and Clinical Significance. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12020383"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00766","article-title":"Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer","volume":"417","author":"Davies","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lacka, K., Maciejewski, A., Tyburski, P., Manuszewska-Jopek, E., Majewski, P., and Wi\u0119ckowska, B. (2025). Rationale for Testing TP53 Mutations in Thyroid Cancer\u2014Original Data and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26031035"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20880","article-title":"Sequence variant classification and reporting: Recommendations for improving the interpretation of cancer susceptibility genetic test results","volume":"29","author":"Plon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.13966","article-title":"Clinical management among individuals with variant of uncertain significance in hereditary cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Makhnoon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Genet."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bagger, F.O., Borgwardt, L., Jespersen, A.S., Hansen, A.R., Bertelsen, B., Kodama, M., and Nielsen, F.C. (2024). Whole genome sequencing in clinical practice. BMC Med. Genom., 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-024-01795-w"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djab019","article-title":"Effect of the p53 P72R Polymorphism on Mutant TP53 Allele Selection in Human Cancer","volume":"113","author":"Madden","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3973","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16364","article-title":"Benign polymorphisms in the BRCA genes with linkage disequilibrium is associated with cancer characteristics","volume":"115","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2339571","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.39571","article-title":"Rates and Classification of Variants of Uncertain Significance in Hereditary Disease Genetic Testing","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-22-0312","article-title":"Genetic Ancestry Correlates with Somatic Differences in a Real-World Clinical Cancer Sequencing Cohort","volume":"12","author":"Arora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyae149","article-title":"Understanding variants of unknown significance and classification of genomic alterations","volume":"29","author":"Pavlick","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alqahtani, A., Ayesh, H.S.K., and Halawani, H. (2019). PIK3CA Gene Mutations in Solid Malignancies: Association with Clinicopathological Parameters and Prognosis. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12010093"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robbins, H.L., and Hague, A. (2016). The PI3K\/Akt pathway in tumors of endocrine tissues. Front. Endocrinol., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2015.00188"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10199","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-4259","article-title":"Mutation of the PIK3CA gene in anaplastic thyroid cancer","volume":"65","author":"Costa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.1646","article-title":"Genetic Alterations in the Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase\/Akt Pathway in Thyroid Cancer","volume":"20","author":"Xing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, Y., Qiu, X., He, Z., Wang, J., Sa, R., and Chen, L. (2022). ERBB2 as a prognostic biomarker correlates with immune infiltrates in papillary thyroid cancer. Front. Genet., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.966365"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01411-x","article-title":"KIT mutations and expression: Current knowledge and new insights for overcoming IM resistance in GIST","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-7","article-title":"c-KIT receptor expression is strictly associated with the biological behaviour of thyroid nodules","volume":"10","author":"Tomei","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2020.04.012","article-title":"Comprehensive Analysis of Genetic Ancestry and Its Molecular Correlates in Cancer","volume":"37","author":"Chambwe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.110916","article-title":"Genetic ancestry in population pharmacogenomics unravels distinct geographical patterns related to drug toxicity","volume":"27","author":"Karamperis","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2203033119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2203033119","article-title":"Genetic ancestry in precision medicine is reshaping the race debate","volume":"119","author":"Krainc","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hansen, M.L.U., Bendtsen, S.K., Jakobsen, K.K., Schmidt, A.Y., Hahn, C.H., von Buchwald, C., and Gr\u00f8nh\u00f8j, C. (2024). Liquid Biopsies in Follicular Thyroid Carcinomas\u2014A Brief Report. Diagnostics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14141577"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.htct.2021.10.723","article-title":"Circulating cell-free dna (ccfdna) isolation from patients with diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (dlbcl): Comparative analysis of commercial kits","volume":"43","author":"Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hematol. Transfus. Cell Ther."},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"QIAGEN (2025, June 08). QIAamp MinElute ccfDNA Kits. Available online: https:\/\/www.qiagen.com\/us\/products\/discovery-and-translational-research\/dna-rna-purification\/dna-purification\/cell-free-dna\/qiaamp-minelute-ccfdna-kits."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Invitrogen ThermoFisher (2025, June 08). PureLink TM Genomic DNA Mini kit. Available online: https:\/\/assets.thermofisher.com\/TFS-Assets\/LSG\/manuals\/purelink_genomic_mini_man.pdf."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Illumina (2025, June 08). TruSight Tumor 15. Available online: https:\/\/www.illumina.com\/content\/dam\/illumina-marketing\/documents\/products\/datasheets\/trusight-tumor-15-data-sheet-1170-2015-003.pdf."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zambrano, A.K., Gaviria, A., Cobos-Navarrete, S., Gruezo, C., Rodr\u00edguez-Pollit, C., Armend\u00e1riz-Castillo, I., Garc\u00eda-C\u00e1rdenas, J.M., Guerrero, S., L\u00f3pez-Cort\u00e9s, A., and Leone, P.E. (2019). The three-hybrid genetic composition of an Ecuadorian population using AIMs-InDels compared with autosomes, mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome data. Sci. Rep., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45723-w"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/14\/6987\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:13:03Z","timestamp":1760033583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/14\/6987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26146987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26146987","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]}}}