{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:11:19Z","timestamp":1791846679125,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-NR070862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-NR070862"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00279744"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00279744"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common progressive hair loss disorder driven by elevated dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, leading to follicular miniaturization. This study investigated sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract (BSE) as a potential oral therapy for AGA. BSE exhibited dose-dependent proliferative and migratory effects on keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and dermal papilla cells, showing greater in vitro activity than sulforaphane (SFN) and minoxidil under the tested conditions, while maintaining low cytotoxicity. In a testosterone-induced AGA mouse model, oral BSE significantly accelerated hair regrowth, with 20 mg\/kg achieving 99% recovery by day 15, alongside increased follicle length, density, and hair weight. Mechanistically, BSE upregulated hepatic and dermal DHT-metabolizing enzymes (Akr1c21, Dhrs9) and activated Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling in the skin, suggesting dual actions via androgen metabolism modulation and follicular regeneration. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed prolonged SFN plasma exposure following BSE administration, and in silico docking showed strong binding affinities of key BSE constituents to Akr1c2 and \u03b2-catenin. No systemic toxicity was observed in liver histology. These findings indicate that BSE may serve as a safe, effective, and multitargeted natural therapy for AGA. Further clinical studies are needed to validate its efficacy in human populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T15:56:16Z","timestamp":1754409376000},"page":"7467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sulforaphane-Rich Broccoli Sprout Extract Promotes Hair Regrowth in an Androgenetic Alopecia Mouse Model via Enhanced Dihydrotestosterone Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0857-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laxman","family":"Subedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Biomedicine Cutting Edge Formulation Technology Center, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duc Dat","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Natural Cosmetics Science and Smart Beautytech Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunbin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2436-6373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susmita","family":"Phuyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjun Dhwoj","family":"Bamjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinhquang","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Natural Cosmetics Science and Smart Beautytech Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam Ah","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4062-4016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Hyun","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Bae","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suk-Jung","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research & Development, Ecoworld Pharm Co. 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