{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:19:21Z","timestamp":1791400761989,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"EU Horizon 2020 project EnXylaScope","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101000831"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101000831"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"EU Horizon 2020 project EnXylaScope","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101157779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101157779"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Horizon EUROPE project BIONEER","award":["101000831"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101000831"]}]},{"name":"Horizon EUROPE project BIONEER","award":["101157779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101157779"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ferulic acid (FA) is one of the most abundant hydroxycinnamic acids found in plant cell walls. Its dehydrodimers play an important role in maintaining the structural rigidity of the plant cell wall. Ferulic acid esterases (FAEs) act as debranching enzymes, cleaving the ester bond between FA and the substituted carbohydrate moieties in FA-containing polysaccharides in the plant cell wall. This enzymatic reaction facilitates the degradation of lignocellulosic materials and is crucial for the efficient utilization of biomass resources. This review focuses on the occurrence of ferulic acid in nature and its different forms and outlines the various classification systems of FAEs, their substrate specificity, and the synergistic interactions of these enzymes with other CAZymes. Additionally, it highlights the various methods that have been developed for detecting hydroxycinnamic acids and estimating the enzyme activity, as well as the versatile applications of ferulic acid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T15:56:16Z","timestamp":1754409376000},"page":"7474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Fantastic Ferulic Acid Esterases and Their Functions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3799-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Savvina","family":"Leontakianakou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9923-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Adlercreutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8597-7050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Nordberg Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Process and Life Science Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10295-003-0049-x","article-title":"Hemicellulose bioconversion","volume":"30","author":"Saha","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2018.10.010","article-title":"Covalent interactions between lignin and hemicelluloses in plant secondary cell walls","volume":"56","author":"Terrett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6211","DOI":"10.1021\/jf025768c","article-title":"Coffee drinking influences plasma antioxidant capacity in humans","volume":"50","author":"Natella","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. 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