{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:17:32Z","timestamp":1780964252923,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The secondary metabolites of the fungus Penicillium thymicola, fumiquinazolines F and G, have antibacterial and antifungal characteristics; however, their potential anti-tumor action against human cancer cells remains unknown. The goal of our study was to determine the biological efficacy of fumiquinazolines F and G on breast and prostate cancer cells. Cancer cell proliferation and migration were monitored in real time using xCELLigence technology and flow cytometry. Alterations in mRNA and protein expression were assessed by RT-qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. Our data indicate that fumiquinazolines F and G are more effective in inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation than prostate cancer cells. Fumiquinazoline F is active against both hormone-dependent epithelial MCF-7 (IC50 48 \u03bcM) and hormone-resistant triple-negative mesenchymal MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (IC50 54.1 \u03bcM). The metabolite has low cytotoxicity but slows cell cycle progression. In fumiquinazoline F-treated MDA-MB-231 cells, the levels of proteins implicated in epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT) (such as E-cadherin, vimentin, and CD44) fluctuate, resulting in a decrease in cell migratory rate and adhesion to a hyaluronic acid-coated substrate. Thus, fumiquinazolines F and G exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting EMT, cell proliferation, and migration, hence reverting malignant cells to a less pathogenic phenotype. The compound\u2019s multi-target anticancer profile underscores its potential for further exploration of novel EMT-regulating pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T07:45:11Z","timestamp":1754466311000},"page":"7582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fumiquinazolines F and G from the Fungus Penicillium thymicola Demonstrates Anticancer Efficacy Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells by Inhibiting Epithelial\u2013Mesenchymal Transition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5498-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gleb K.","family":"Rystsov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4860-2647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana V.","family":"Antipova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"},{"name":"All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, Saint-Petersburg 196608, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4032-3678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhanna V.","family":"Renfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidiya S.","family":"Pilguy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Shlyapnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5127-3621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhail B.","family":"Vainshtein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1368-2146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor E.","family":"Granovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Y.","family":"Zemskova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, R., Zhu, Y., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Song, X., Wu, Y., Jin, F., and Wang, Y. (2021). The Quinazoline Derivative, 04NB-03, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in a Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Manner. Chem. Biol. 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