{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:04:14Z","timestamp":1789517054621,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB)","award":["FRI2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2019"]}]},{"name":"Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB)","award":["FRI2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2020"]}]},{"name":"Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB)","award":["CEX2021-001234-M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2021-001234-M"]}]},{"name":"Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB)","award":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB)","award":["2021-SGR-00334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-SGR-00334"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation\/State Research Agency\/European Regional Development Fund, European Union (MICIN\/AEI\/FEDER, UE)","award":["FRI2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2019"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation\/State Research Agency\/European Regional Development Fund, European Union (MICIN\/AEI\/FEDER, UE)","award":["FRI2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2020"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation\/State Research Agency\/European Regional Development Fund, European Union (MICIN\/AEI\/FEDER, UE)","award":["CEX2021-001234-M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2021-001234-M"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation\/State Research Agency\/European Regional Development Fund, European Union (MICIN\/AEI\/FEDER, UE)","award":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation\/State Research Agency\/European Regional Development Fund, European Union (MICIN\/AEI\/FEDER, UE)","award":["2021-SGR-00334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-SGR-00334"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities\/State Research Agency (MICIU\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033)","award":["FRI2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2019"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities\/State Research Agency (MICIU\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033)","award":["FRI2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2020"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities\/State Research Agency (MICIU\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033)","award":["CEX2021-001234-M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2021-001234-M"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities\/State Research Agency (MICIU\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033)","award":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities\/State Research Agency (MICIU\/AEI\/ 10.13039\/501100011033)","award":["2021-SGR-00334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-SGR-00334"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat de Catalunya (GC)","award":["FRI2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2019"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat de Catalunya (GC)","award":["FRI2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRI2020"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat de Catalunya (GC)","award":["CEX2021-001234-M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2021-001234-M"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat de Catalunya (GC)","award":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-147307OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Generalitat de Catalunya (GC)","award":["2021-SGR-00334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-SGR-00334"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Maternal diet influences offspring development, immune function, and intestinal health. This study investigates the effects of maternal supplementation with a key component of the Mediterranean Diet, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), on the immune health of offspring at the end of lactation. Lewis rat dams received either refined olive oil (ROO), EVOO, or water (REF) during gestation and lactation. Plasma immunoglobulin G2c (IgG2c) concentration was elevated in pups born to EVOO-supplemented mothers, indicating enhanced immune development. Histological analysis of the small intestine revealed more goblet cells in the EVOO group, indicating a potential positive effect on the intestinal barrier function. In vitro assays showed that EVOO metabolites did not display cytotoxicity and had improved barrier integrity under a stress stimulus. These findings suggest that maternal EVOO supplementation may have beneficial effects on immune and intestinal development and health in offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26167946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T16:22:33Z","timestamp":1755534153000},"page":"7946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Maternal Extra Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation Enhances Offspring Immune Function: A Preclinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Zhan-Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1071-6195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca","family":"Grases-Pint\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7165-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Garc\u00eda-Vara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8531-5129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Mart\u00edn-Venegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1287-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa M.","family":"Lamuela-Ravent\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5408-0593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Castell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6243-9164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J.","family":"P\u00e9rez-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6287-799X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Vallverd\u00fa-Queralt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7870-8250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria J.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Lagunas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-0005(98)80003-7","article-title":"Neonatal Immunology","volume":"22","author":"Schelonka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Semin. Perinatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.59298\/IDOSR\/JBCP\/25\/101.192300","article-title":"The Role of Innate and Acquired Immunity in Susceptibility to Infections in Neonates","volume":"10","author":"Agnovia","year":"2025","journal-title":"IDOSR J. Biol. Chem. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cacho, N., and Lawrence, R. (2017). Innate Immunity and Breast Milk. Front. Immunol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00584"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grases-Pint\u00f3, B., Torres-Castro, P., Mar\u00edn-Morote, L., Abril-Gil, M., Castell, M., Rodr\u00edguez-Lagunas, M.J., P\u00e9rez-Cano, F.J., and Franch, \u00c0. (2019). Leptin and EGF Supplementation Enhance the Immune System Maturation in Preterm Suckling Rats. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102380"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dzidic, M., Boix-Amor\u00f3s, A., Selma-Royo, M., Mira, A., and Collado, M.C. (2018). Gut Microbiota and Mucosal Immunity in the Neonate. Med. Sci., 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci6030056"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114523002775","article-title":"Evaluating the Relationship between the Nutrient Intake of Lactating Women and Their Breast Milk Nutritional Profile: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis","volume":"131","author":"Falize","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Favara, G., Maugeri, A., Barchitta, M., Lanza, E., Lio, M.S., and Agodi, A. (2024). Maternal Lifestyle Factors Affecting Breast Milk Composition and Infant Health: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17010062"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c06269","article-title":"Impact of Environmental Exposures on Human Breast Milk Lipidome in Future Immune-Mediated Diseases","volume":"58","author":"Ghaffarzadegan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasco\u00ebt, J.M., Chauvin, M., Pierret, C., Skweres, S., Van Egroo, L.D., Roug\u00e9, C., and Franck, P. (2019). Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201901.0215.v1"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"38","article-title":"Importance of nutrition during pregnancy. Impact on the composition of breast milk","volume":"37","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Hosp."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-011-0209-0","article-title":"Probiotics and Dietary Counselling Targeting Maternal Dietary Fat Intake Modifies Breast Milk Fatty Acids and Cytokines","volume":"51","author":"Hoppu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jimenez-Lopez, C., Carpena, M., Louren\u00e7o-Lopes, C., Gallardo-Gomez, M., Lorenzo, J.M., Barba, F.J., Prieto, M.A., and Simal-Gandara, J. (2020). Bioactive Compounds and Quality of Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Foods, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9081014"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-018-0304-x","article-title":"Extra Virgin Olive Oil: More than a Healthy Fat","volume":"72","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2019.1650715","article-title":"Health-Promoting Properties of Oleocanthal and Oleacein: Two Secoiridoids from Extra-Virgin Olive Oil","volume":"60","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2011.09.006","article-title":"Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Phenolic Activities in Extra Virgin Olive Oil","volume":"23","author":"Cicerale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhan-Dai, S., Grases-Pint\u00f3, B., Lamuela-Ravent\u00f3s, R.M., Castell, M., P\u00e9rez-Cano, F.J., Vallverd\u00fa-Queralt, A., and Rodr\u00edguez-Lagunas, M.J. (2024). Exploring the Impact of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Maternal Immune System and Breast Milk Composition in Rats. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16111785"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.113191","article-title":"Bioactive Compounds in Spanish Extra Virgin Olive Oils: Migration and Stability According to the Culinary Technique Used","volume":"172","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.01.016","article-title":"Comparison Survey of EVOO Polyphenols and Exploration of Healthy Aging-Promoting Properties of Oleocanthal and Oleacein","volume":"125","author":"Nikou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.3390\/12081679","article-title":"Phenolic Molecules in Virgin Olive Oils: A Survey of Their Sensory Properties, Health Effects, Antioxidant Activity and Analytical Methods. An Overview of the Last Decade","volume":"12","author":"Bendini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4085","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO00354H","article-title":"Modulation of Intestinal Epithelium Homeostasis by Extra Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds","volume":"9","author":"Deiana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cuffaro, D., Bertini, S., Macchia, M., and Digiacomo, M. (2023). Enhanced Nutraceutical Properties of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Extract by Olive Leaf Enrichment. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051073"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melguizo-Rodr\u00edguez, L., De Luna-Bertos, E., Ramos-Torrecillas, J., Illescas-Montesa, R., Costela-Ruiz, V., and Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00ednez, O. (2021). Potential Effects of Phenolic Compounds That Can Be Found in Olive Oil on Wound Healing. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10071642"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3845","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b06723","article-title":"Natural Molecules for Healthy Lifestyles: Oleocanthal from Extra Virgin Olive Oil","volume":"67","author":"Francisco","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530317666171114121533","article-title":"Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Diseases: Benefits for Human Health","volume":"18","author":"Nocella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milena, E., and Maurizio, M. (2025). Exploring the Cardiovascular Benefits of Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Insights into Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Biomolecules, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15020284"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.51326\/ec.6.4987133","article-title":"Heart-Healthy Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil: A Bibliographic Review","volume":"6","author":"Claros","year":"2023","journal-title":"Enfermer\u00eda Cuid."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marrone, G., Urciuoli, S., Di Lauro, M., Ruzzolini, J., Ieri, F., Vignolini, P., Di Daniele, F., Guerriero, C., Nediani, C., and Di Daniele, N. (2022). Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Protection in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204265"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.133211","article-title":"Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: New Evidence for the Vertical Transmission of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds in Rats","volume":"391","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.016","article-title":"Blimp-1 Functions as a Molecular Switch to Prevent Inflammatory Activity in Foxp3+ROR\u03b3t+ Regulatory T Cells","volume":"25","author":"Ogawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.2174\/13892002113149990099","article-title":"Neonatal Fc Receptor and Its Role in the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of Immunoglobulin G-Based Biotherapeutics","volume":"14","author":"Giragossian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"161","article-title":"Effects of Maternal Isocaloric Diet Containing Different Amounts of Soy Oil and Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Weight, Serum Glucose, and Lipid Profile of Female Mice Offspring","volume":"42","author":"Mousavi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.11.029","article-title":"Hydroxytyrosol Prevents Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome and Attenuates Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Obese Mice","volume":"67","author":"Cao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1021\/jf072589s","article-title":"Lipid-Lowering and Antioxidant Effects of Hydroxytyrosol and Its Triacetylated Derivative Recovered from Olive Tree Leaves in Cholesterol-Fed Rats","volume":"56","author":"Jemai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2018.tb00036.x","article-title":"Adiponectin Regulation and Function","volume":"8","author":"Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abou-Samra, M., Selvais, C., Dubuisson, N., and Brichard, S. (2020). Adiponectin and Its Mimics on Skeletal Muscle: Insulin Sensitizers, Fat Burners, Exercise Mimickers, Muscling Pills \u2026 or Everything Together?. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072620"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508998469","article-title":"Effect of Type and Timing of Oil Supplements to Sows during Pregnancy on the Growth Performance and Endocrine Profile of Low and Normal Birth Weight Offspring","volume":"101","author":"Laws","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.09.015","article-title":"Circulating Free Fatty Acids Inhibit Food Intake in an Oleate-Specific Manner in Rats","volume":"167","author":"Oh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-013-3764-8","article-title":"Maternal Dietary Fat Affects Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Impacts on Weight Gain and Thermogenic Capacity of Suckling Rats","volume":"48","author":"Priego","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2016.1193278","article-title":"Isotype Switching: Mouse IgG3 Constant Region Drives Increased Affinity for Polysaccharide Antigens","volume":"7","author":"Harmer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.152.1.209","article-title":"Subclass Restriction of Murine Antibodies. III. Antigens That Stimulate IgG3 in Mice Stimulate IgG2c in Rats","volume":"152","author":"Slack","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1ez-Fuertes, L., Kapravelou, G., Grases-Pint\u00f3, B., Bernabeu, M., Knipping, K., Garssen, J., Bourdet-Sicard, R., Castell, M., Collado, M.C., and P\u00e9rez-Cano, F.J. (2024). Maternal Synbiotic Supplementation with B. Breve M-16V and ScGOS\/LcFOS Shape Offspring Immune Development and Gut Microbiota at the End of Suckling. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16121890"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.12.015","article-title":"Maternal Immunization Confers Protection to the Offspring against an Attaching and Effacing Pathogen through Delivery of IgG in Breast Milk","volume":"25","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxac049","article-title":"Maternal Antibody Repertoire Restriction Modulates the Development of Lupus-like Disease in BXSB Offspring","volume":"35","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"34","article-title":"Influence of the Polyamine, Spermidine, on Intestinal Maturation and Dietary Antigen Uptake in the Neonatal Rat","volume":"19","author":"Capano","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szikora, B., Marx, A., Jani, P.K., Pipek, O., M\u00fcller, V., Csabai, I., and Kacskovics, I. (2020). FcRn Overexpression Expands Diversity of the Humoral Immune Response in BFcRn Transgenic Mice. Front. Immunol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01887"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000353","article-title":"Neonatal FcR Overexpression Boosts Humoral Immune Response in Transgenic Mice","volume":"186","author":"Cervenak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.32","article-title":"New Developments in Goblet Cell Mucus Secretion and Function","volume":"8","author":"Birchenough","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.88","article-title":"Immunological Aspects of Intestinal Mucus and Mucins","volume":"16","author":"Johansson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S318327","article-title":"Role of Goblet Cells in Intestinal Barrier and Mucosal Immunity","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabb1590","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb1590","article-title":"An Intercrypt Subpopulation of Goblet Cells Is Essential for Colonic Mucus Barrier Function","volume":"372","author":"Arike","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.191","article-title":"The Role of MUC2 Mucin in Intestinal Homeostasis and the Impact of Dietary Components on MUC2 Expression","volume":"164","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607112463076","article-title":"Cranberry Proanthocyanidins Improve the Gut Mucous Layer Morphology and Function in Mice Receiving Elemental Enteral Nutrition","volume":"37","author":"Pierre","year":"2013","journal-title":"JPEN J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.08.027","article-title":"Identifying the Patterns of Pattern Recognition Receptors","volume":"49","author":"Hill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i14.2149","article-title":"Role of Toll-like Receptors in Health and Diseases of Gastrointestinal Tract","volume":"12","author":"Harris","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.07.016","article-title":"A Map of Toll-like Receptor Expression in the Intestinal Epithelium Reveals Distinct Spatial, Cell Type-Specific, and Temporal Patterns","volume":"49","author":"Price","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaa148","article-title":"Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and the Gut-Brain Axis: Influence on Gut Microbiota, Mucosal Immunity, and Cardiometabolic and Cognitive Health","volume":"79","author":"Millman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02088-0","article-title":"Metabolically and Immunologically Beneficial Impact of Extra Virgin Olive and Flaxseed Oils on Composition of Gut Microbiota in Mice","volume":"59","author":"Millman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Z.-H., Shi, A.-M., Wang, Q., and Zhou, J. (2019). High Oleic Acid Peanut Oil and Extra Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation Attenuate Metabolic Syndrome in Rats by Modulating the Gut Microbiota. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11123005"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Correia, M., Gomes, A., Moreira, I., El Maghariki, J., Mendes, K., Correia, M., Barros, R., Barbosa, J., Rosa, N., and Gomes, A. (2025). Unraveling the Extra Virgin Olive Oil Effect on Inflammation and on Gut and Saliva Microbiota. Biomolecules, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15030338"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lieder, B., Hans, J., Hentschel, F., Geissler, K., and Ley, J. (2019). Biological Evaluation of Natural and Synthesized Homovanillic Acid Esters as Inhibitors of Intestinal Fatty Acid Uptake in Differentiated Caco-2 Cells. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24193599"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Huang, S., Liao, Y., Wu, X., Zhang, C., Wang, X., and Yang, Z. (2024). Hippuric Acid Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis via Suppressing Inflammatory Activity and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 710.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.149879"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/123.11.1939","article-title":"AIN-93 Purified Diets for Laboratory Rodents: Final Report of the American Institute of Nutrition Ad Hoc Writing Committee on the Reformulation of the AIN-76A Rodent Diet","volume":"123","author":"Reeves","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azagra-Boronat, I., Massot-Cladera, M., Knipping, K., Van\u2019t Land, B., Stahl, B., Garssen, J., Rodr\u00edguez-Lagunas, M.J., Franch, \u00c0., Castell, M., and P\u00e9rez-Cano, F.J. (2018). Supplementation With 2\u2032-FL and ScGOS\/LcFOS Ameliorates Rotavirus-Induced Diarrhea in Suckling Rats. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00372"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1ez-Fuertes, L., Kapravelou, G., Grases-Pint\u00f3, B., Massot-Cladera, M., Bernabeu, M., Knipping, K., Garssen, J., Bourdet-Sicard, R., Castell, M., and Rodr\u00edguez-Lagunas, M.J. (2024). Impact of Maternal Bifidobacterium Breve M-16V and ScGOS\/LcFOS Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Maternal Immune System and Milk Composition. Front. Immunol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1418594"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ceballos-S\u00e1nchez, D., S\u00e1ez-Fuertes, L., Casanova-Crespo, S., Rodr\u00edguez-Lagunas, M.J., Castell, M., P\u00e9rez-Cano, F.J., and Massot-Cladera, M. (2025). Influence of Dietary Fiber and Polyphenols During Pre-Gestation, Gestation, or Lactation on Intestinal Gene Expression. Nutrients, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17020341"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Massot-Cladera, M., Rigo-Adrover, M.D.M., Herrero, L., Franch, \u00c0., Castell, M., Vulevic, J., P\u00e9rez-Cano, F.J., and Lagunas, M.J.R. (2022). A Galactooligosaccharide Product Decreases the Rotavirus Infection in Suckling Rats. Cells, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11101669"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C324","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00397.2009","article-title":"PGE2 Promotes Ca2+-Mediated Epithelial Barrier Disruption through EP1 and EP4 Receptors in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers","volume":"299","author":"Moreno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moral-Anter, D., Campo Sabariz, J., Ferrer, R., and Martin-Venegas, R. (2020). Cyperus esculentus L. Tubers (Tiger Nuts) Protect Epithelial Barrier Function in Caco-2 Cells Infected by Salmonella Enteritidis and Promote Lactobacillus Plantarum Growth. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010071"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/16\/7946\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:29:47Z","timestamp":1760034587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/16\/7946"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26167946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26167946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]}}}