{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T22:44:02Z","timestamp":1787697842322,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry &amp; Energy (MOTIE, Republic of Korea)","award":["20020268"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20020268"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity and associated metabolic disorders are rising globally, necessitating effective dietary strategies. CKDB-322, a formulation containing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Q180 and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, was evaluated for anti-obesity efficacy using in vitro adipocyte differentiation and in vivo high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse models. In 3T3-L1 cells, CKDB-322 suppressed adipogenesis by downregulating PPAR\u03b3 and C\/EBP\u03b1 and enhancing glycerol release. In mice, 8 weeks of oral administration\u2014particularly at the CKDB-322-M dose\u2014significantly reduced body weight gain, adiposity, and serum glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels without affecting liver function. Gene expression analysis revealed the strong inhibition of lipogenic markers (SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS) in addition to activation of the fatty acid oxidation (CPT-1\u03b1 and PPAR\u03b1) and energy metabolism (PGC-1\u03b1 and AMPK) pathways, with the most pronounced effects in the CKDB-322-M group, which also exhibited the greatest reduction in leptin. These molecular effects were confirmed histologically by decreased adipocyte hypertrophy and ameliorated hepatic steatosis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CKDB-322 exerts lipid-modulatory effects through multiple pathways, supporting its potential as a novel functional dietary ingredient for obesity and metabolic disorder prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26167991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T11:41:41Z","timestamp":1755603701000},"page":"7991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Synergistic Anti-Obesity Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Q180 and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (CKDB-322) in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hye-Ji","family":"Noh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio (CKDBio) Research Institute, Ansan 15604, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-In","family":"Eom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo-Je","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio (CKDBio) Research Institute, Ansan 15604, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7598-7124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang Hun","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Probiotics Research Laboratory, Chong Kun Dang Bio (CKDBio) Research Institute, Ansan 15604, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheol-Ho","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Kwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2007.11.017","article-title":"Early life programming of obesity and metabolic disease","volume":"94","author":"Cottrell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol. 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