{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:41:23Z","timestamp":1792096883673,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFD1901300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1901300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, PGPR, can protect plants against soil-borne diseases and abiotic stress conditions. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different PGPRs (TF1, TF2, TF3, and TF4) on the rhizosphere microbial community of silage maize in a saline\u2013alkaline field via Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. Results demonstrated that different PGPRs significantly increased the harvest density (by 21.31\u201345.16%), plant height (by 9.12\u201319.98%), stem diameter (by 30.07\u201345.78%), and biomass (by 33.20\u201365.36%) of silage maize, TF3 treatment significantly increased the fresh weight (by 32.50%), while the other treatments could increase the fresh weight but not significantly. Four microbial agents significantly reduced the contents of soil available phosphorus (AP), electrical conductivity (EC), and neutral phosphatase activity (NPA), while significantly increasing the contents of available potassium (AK), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3\u2212-N), chitinase activity (ChtA), and urease activity (UA). Specifically, TF2 and TF3 treatments significantly decreased the soil pH value, while not for TF1 and TF4. Microbiome analysis showed that four microbial agents significantly increased the relative abundances of beneficial microorganisms, such as Arthrobacter, Blastococcus, MNDI, Chaetomidium, Alternaria, Sarocladium, Acremonium, and Clonostachys, and significantly decreased the relative abundances of Gibberella and Fusarium. Mental analysis showed that the soil bacterial community structure did not significantly correlate with soil biochemical properties, while the soil fungal community structure significantly and positively correlated with pH. Maize yield significantly and positively correlated with NH4+-N, OM, AP, EC, UA, ChtA, and NPA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26168040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T08:02:44Z","timestamp":1755763364000},"page":"8040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of PGPRs on the Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structure and Yield of Silage Maize in Saline\u2013Alkaline Fields"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Weisong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3672-6685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shezeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naqi","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuyun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaojing","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinggang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Integrated Pest Management Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Research progress on cultivation techniques of silage maize in China","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heilongjiang Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"184","article-title":"Visualization analysis of silage maize research field in China based on knowledge map","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Maize Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"311","article-title":"New concept \u201cForage is a Part of Grains\u201d to utmost spurring the development of forage industry","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Agrestia Sin."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shahid, S.A., Zaman, M., and Heng, L. (2018). Soil salinity: Historical perspectives and a world overview of the problem. Guideline for Salinity Assessment, Mitigation and Adaptation Using Nuclear and Related Techniques, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96190-3_2"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156946","article-title":"Soil salinity and its associated effects on soil microorganisms, greenhouse gas emissions, crop yield, biodiversity and desertification: A review","volume":"843","author":"Araya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26907-3","article-title":"Global predictions of primary soil salinizationunder changing climate in the 21st century","volume":"12","author":"Hassani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"68","article-title":"Characteristics of soil salinization in coastal saline alkali area of Cangzhou","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adm. Tech. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2023.112553","article-title":"Effects of microbial fertilizer and irrigation amount on growth, physiology and water use efficiency of tomato in greenhouse","volume":"323","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2024.113385","article-title":"Effects of different microbial agent applications on the growth and quality of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) cormels","volume":"336","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.160478","article-title":"Preparation of a new biochar-based microbial fertilizer: Nutrient release patterns and synergistic mechanisms to improve soil fertility","volume":"860","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.673","article-title":"Influence of land management on soil nutrients and microbial biomass in the central Loess Plateau, northwest China","volume":"16","author":"Jia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Land Degrad. Dev."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.2385","article-title":"Microbial and enzyme activities of saline and sodic soils","volume":"27","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Land Degrad. Dev."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"58","article-title":"Effects of phosphate solubilizing bacteria on the soil enzyme activities and microecology of soybean rhizosphere","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. China Agric. Univ."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1984","article-title":"Effects of microbial agents on physicochemical properties and microbial flora of rhizosphere saline-alkali soil","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"588","article-title":"Effects of compound bacterial agents on growth, development and yield of soybean in saline alkali soil","volume":"41","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soybean Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huo, Q.Y., Gong, M., Jiang, Y.W., Yang, X., Kong, M., He, J.X., Zhang, Q., Song, J.Q., Li, X.Z., and Han, W. (2024). Microencapsulated microbial seed coating could improve soil environment and maize grain yield in saline soil. Plants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13223139"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"101421","article-title":"Microbial bio-control agents: A comprehensive analysis on sustainable pest management in agriculture","volume":"18","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bi, W.L., Sun, Y.X., Yao, Z.P., Zhao, Z., and Niu, Y.S. (2025). Bacillus halophilus BH-8 combined with coal gangue as a composite microbial agent for the rehabilitation of saline-alkali land. Microorganisms, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13030532"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2004.06.010","article-title":"Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: A review","volume":"60","author":"Parida","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecotox. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5341","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.9773","article-title":"Comparative study of plant growth-promoting bacteria on the physiology growth and fruit quality of strawberry","volume":"99","author":"Morais","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.05.006","article-title":"Simultaneous mitigation of aluminum, salinity and drought stress in Lactuca sativa growth via formulated plant growth promoting Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CAM4","volume":"180","author":"Silambarasan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotox. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2022.104418","article-title":"Microbial inoculation influences microbial communities and physicochemical properties during lettuce seedling using composted spent mushroom substrate","volume":"174","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"57","article-title":"Effect of dynamic application of microbial modifier on growth and yield of spring maize in saline-alkali soil","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Irrig. Drain."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2023.11.028","article-title":"Effects of microbial agent and microbial fertilizer input on soil microbial community structure and diversity in a peanut continuous cropping system","volume":"64","author":"Ahsan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1002\/ldr.5071","article-title":"Effects of brackish water irrigation and biochar application on fertility, enzyme activity, and winter wheat yield in coastal saline-alkali soils","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Land Degrad. Dev."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s10142-020-00736-x","article-title":"Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 genome reveals clues for plant growth promotion and potential for sustainable agriculture","volume":"20","author":"Posada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Funct. Integr. Genomics"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2023.119160","article-title":"Legacy effects of wheat season organic fertilizer addition on microbial co-occurrence networks, soil function, and yield of the subsequent maize season in a wheat-maize rotation system","volume":"347","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, L.J., Shi, Y.J., Yang, X., Dong, L.L., Lei, F.L., Zheng, C.S., Xie, A.Q., Zhang, D.L., Sun, L.M., and Sun, X. (2023). Analysis of growth and rhizosphere soil changes of herbaceous peony treated with a compound microbial agent under contrasted soil conditions. Horticulturae, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae9050602"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarkar, D., Rakshit, A., Parewa, H.P., Danish, S., Alfarraj, S., and Datta, R. (2022). Bio-priming with compatible rhizospheric microbes enhances growth and micronutrient uptake of red cabbage. Land, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/land11040536"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.2005.01471.x","article-title":"Induction of systemic resistance in tomato by N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone-producing rhizosphere bacteria","volume":"29","author":"Schuhegger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2011.03.035","article-title":"Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on growth, yield, antioxidant system and cadmium content of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants under salinity and cadmium stress","volume":"129","author":"Rady","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"1599","article-title":"Effects of effective microorganisms on growth promotion and the rhizosphere eukaryotic community structure of pepper in Xinjiang, China","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"710","article-title":"Effects of lactic acid bacteria compound preparation on improvement of saline-alkali soil and soil microbial community","volume":"50","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. South. Agric."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2020.107236","article-title":"The application of Bacillus megaterium alters soil microbial community composition, bioavailability of soil phosphorus and potassium, and cucumber growth in the plastic shed system of North China","volume":"307","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Enviro."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Oliveira-Paiva, C.A., Bini, D., de Sousa, S.M., Ribeiro, V.P., dos Santos, F.C., de Paula Lana, U.G., de Souza, F.F., Gomes, E.A., and Marriel, I.E. (2024). Inoculation with Bacillus megaterium CNPMS B119 and Bacillus subtilis CNPMS B2084 improve P-acquisition and maize yield in Brazil. Front. Microbiol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1426166"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vieira Velloso, C.C., de Oliveira, C.A., Gomes, E.A., Lana, U.G.P., de Carvalho, C.G., Guimar\u00e3es, L.J.M., Pastina, M.M., and de Sousa, S.M. (2020). Genome-guided insights of tropical Bacillus strains efficient in maize growth promotion. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 96.","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiaa157"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-020-10146-9","article-title":"Tropical Bacillus strains inoculation enhances maize root surface area, dry weight, nutrient uptake and grain yield","volume":"40","author":"Andrade","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2018.06.005","article-title":"Endophytic Bacillus strains enhance pearl millet growth and nutrient uptake under low-P","volume":"49","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2012.00343.x","article-title":"Insights into the resistance and resilience of the soil microbial community","volume":"37","author":"Griffiyhs","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"1403","article-title":"Effects of microbial agents on soil salinity and alfalfa growth under different salt stress conditions","volume":"17","author":"Pang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Plant Nutr. Fertil."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"4279","article-title":"Effects of different microbial fertilizers on soil quality and maize yield in coastal saline soil","volume":"45","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"290","article-title":"Application of compound microbial agent in improvement of soda saline-alkali soil","volume":"46","author":"Pang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Jilin Agric. Univ."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"33","article-title":"Effects of microbial inoculants on quality and soil environment of Huanghua brumal jujube","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hebei For. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"160","article-title":"Effect of microbial agents on soil physical and chemical properties and growth of pakchoi","volume":"50","author":"Wan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Anhui Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"198","article-title":"Effects of microbial inoculum on red raspberry growth, fruit quality and activating soil phosphorus and potassium","volume":"25","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effects of applying functional microbial agents on sunflower growth and soil microorganism in severe saline alkali soil","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soil Fertil. Sci. China"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2015.11.006","article-title":"Effects of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with reduced chemical fertilizer application on crop yields, soil biological activity and bacterial community structure in a rice-wheat cropping system","volume":"99","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5537","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6595","article-title":"Impact of biocontrol microbes on soil microbial diversity in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)","volume":"77","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, N., Jin, L., Wang, S.Y., Li, J.W., Liu, F.H., Liu, Z.C., Luo, S.L., Wu, Y., Lyu, J., and Yu, J.H. (2022). Reduced chemical fertilizer combined with bio-organic fertilizer affects the soil microbial community and yield and quality of lettuce. Front. Microbiol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.863325"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2020.103510","article-title":"Fertilization regime has a greater effect on soil microbial community structure than crop rotation and growth stage in an agroecosystem","volume":"149","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.130982","article-title":"Bioorganic fertilizers improve the adaptability and remediation efficiency of Puccinellia distans in multiple heavy metals-contaminated saline soil by regulating the soil microbial community","volume":"448","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4841","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12798-y","article-title":"Fungal-bacterial diversity and microbiome complexity predict ecosystem functioning","volume":"10","author":"Wagg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s10526-009-9226-9","article-title":"Rhizospheric streptomycetes as potential biocontrol agents of Fusarium and Armillaria pine rot and as PGPR for Pinus taeda","volume":"54","author":"Cardoso","year":"2009","journal-title":"BioControl"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"1385","article-title":"Biocontrol efficacy and action mechanism of Trichoderma harzianum LTR-2 and Arthrobacter ureafaciens DnL1-1 against crown rot of wheat","volume":"35","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Agric. Zhejiangensis"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2015.08.004","article-title":"Illumina MiSeq investigations on the changes of microbial community in the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense infected soil during and after reductive soil disinfestation","volume":"181","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2018.01.010","article-title":"Distinct responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to changes in fertilization regime and crop rotation","volume":"319","author":"Ai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0720-5","article-title":"Predicting disease occurrence with high accuracy based on soil macroecological patterns of fusarium wilt","volume":"14","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202100213","article-title":"Biological and chemical characterization of antimicrobial activity in Arthrobacter spp. isolated from disease-suppressive compost","volume":"61","author":"Ramlawi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Basic Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, L., Islam, M.S., Song, P., Zhu, L., and Dong, W.B. (2023). Isolation and optimization of a broad-spectrum synthetic antimicrobial peptide, Ap920-WI, from Arthrobacter sp. H5 for the biological control of plant diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310598"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rhisph.2024.100966","article-title":"Short-term continuous cropping leads to a decline in rhizosphere soil fertility by modulating the perilla root exudates","volume":"32","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rhizosphere"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.5941\/MYCO.2015.43.1.63","article-title":"Biological control of Phytophthora palmivora causing root rot of pomelo using Chaetomium spp.","volume":"43","author":"Hung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mycobiology"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1134\/S0003683820030023","article-title":"Fungi of the genera Alternaria as producers of biological active compounds and mycoherbicides","volume":"56","author":"Dalinova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Micro."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1134\/S0026261718060036","article-title":"Spectrum of biological activity of the Alternaria fungi isolated from the phyllosphere of herbaceous plants","volume":"87","author":"Berestetskiy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kemp, N.D., Vaughan, M.M., McCormick, S.P., Brown, J.A., and Bakker, M.G. (2020). Sarocladium zeae is a systemic endophyte of wheat and an effective biocontrol agent against Fusarium head blight. Biol. Control., 149.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2020.104329"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.04.014","article-title":"Screening of wheat endophytes as biological control agents against Fusarium head blight using two different In Vitro tests","volume":"202","author":"Comby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1111\/eea.13217","article-title":"Biological and molecular characterization of Cladosporium sp. and Acremonium zeylanicum as biocontrol agents of Aphis fabae in a tri-trophic system","volume":"170","author":"Mousavi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Entomol. Exp. Appl."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, Y.N., Lu, H.M., Qi, X., Lin, M.P., Gao, C.H., and Luo, X.W. (2024). Recent advances in chemistry and bioactivities of secondary metabolites from the genus Acremonium. J. Fungi, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jof10010037"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07630-4","article-title":"Clonostachys spp., natural mosquito antagonists, and their prospects for biological control of Aedes aegypti","volume":"121","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasitol Res."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2008.04.023","article-title":"Biological control of strawberry gray mold by Clonostachys rosea under field conditions","volume":"46","author":"Cota","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Control"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.129147","article-title":"Biochar-based microbial agent reduces U and Cd accumulation in vegetables and improves rhizosphere microecology","volume":"436","author":"Qi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2740","DOI":"10.1007\/s42729-020-00340-9","article-title":"Effects of compound microbial fertilizer on soil characteristics and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.130062","article-title":"Activating soil microbial community using bacillus and rhamnolipid to remediate TPH contaminated soil","volume":"275","author":"Rong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-022-05842-2","article-title":"Effects of different crop rotations on the incidence of cotton Verticillium wilt and structure and function of the rhizospheric microbial community","volume":"485","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, W.S., Guo, Q.G., Li, S.Z., Lu, X.Y., Dong, L.H., Wang, P.P., Zhang, X.Y., Su, Z.H., and Ma, P. (2022). Application of Bacillus subtilis NCD-2 can suppress cotton verticillium wilt and its effect on abundant and rare microbial communities in rhizosphere. Biol. Control, 165.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2021.104812"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2018.11.003","article-title":"Response of microbial communities and enzyme activities to amendments in saline-alkaline soils","volume":"135","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2017.06.019","article-title":"Impact of 25 years of inorganic fertilization on diazotrophic abundance and community structure in an acidic soil in southern China","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.05.006","article-title":"Bacterial community structure in atmospheric particulate matters of different sizes during the haze days in Xi\u2019an, China","volume":"637\u2013638","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, W.S., Wang, P.P., Dong, L.H., Li, S.Z., Lu, X.Y., Zhang, X.Y., Su, Z.H., Guo, Q.G., and Ma, P. (2023). Effect of broccoli residues into soil on occurrence of verticillium wilt of spring-sowing-cotton and on rhizosphere microbial communities structure and function. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1115656"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/16\/8040\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:31:49Z","timestamp":1760034709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/16\/8040"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26168040"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26168040","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]}}}