{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:32:40Z","timestamp":1793644360391,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DCBS, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa","award":["869127\/001480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["869127\/001480"]}]},{"name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n de M\u00e9xico (SECIHTI)","award":["869127\/001480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["869127\/001480"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prepubertal period represents a critical stage of development, where the reproductive system is susceptible to toxicants such as cadmium (Cd). Cd induces oxidative stress, causes alterations in the antioxidant enzymes and testosterone concentration, and affects reproductive organs. (\u2013)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol with antioxidant properties, has been studied for its protective effects. We evaluated the effects of EGCG on antioxidant activity and improvement of testicular and epididymal histology in Cd-exposed prepubertal rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats, on postnatal day (PND) 21, were distributed into four groups: Ctrl (saline), Cd (1 mg\/kg CdCl2), EGCG (10 mg\/kg), and Cd+EGCG (1 mg\/kg CdCl2 + 10 mg\/kg EGCG). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally from PND 21 to 49. After euthanasia, blood, testes, and epididymides were collected for Cd content, testosterone concentration, antioxidant activity, and histological evaluation. Cd exposure increased blood Cd, reduced testosterone, impaired antioxidant activity, and caused epithelial disorganization in both organs. In contrast, co-administration of EGCG significantly lowered Cd accumulation, restored testosterone concentration and antioxidant enzymes, and preserved histological integrity of testes and epididymides. These findings demonstrate that EGCG exerts protective effects against Cd-induced reproductive damage during the prepubertal period, suggesting its potential therapeutic use to counteract Cd toxicity in reproductive development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26178264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T14:43:18Z","timestamp":1756219398000},"page":"8264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Enhances Antioxidant Activity and Improves Testicular and Epididymal Histology in Cadmium-Exposed Prepubertal Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sonia Guadalupe","family":"P\u00e9rez-Aguirre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0187-1994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"Vigueras-Villase\u00f1or","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n, Instituto Nacional de Pediatr\u00eda, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-Letra C, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Coyoac\u00e1n, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 04530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7505-0809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herlinda","family":"Bonilla-Jaime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n, Divisi\u00f3n de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1\u00aa. Secci\u00f3n, Alcald\u00eda Iztapalapa, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0138-0784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlan, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Tamaulipas, Calle 16 y Lago de Chapala, Col. Aztlan Reynosa, Reynosa Tamaulipas C.P. 88740, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5785-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Galv\u00e1n-Arzate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Neuroqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurocirug\u00eda, Manuel Velasco Su\u00e1rez, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Col. La Fama, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 14269, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1194-7633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cuerpo Acad\u00e9mico en Quiropr\u00e1ctica, Universidad Estatal del Valle de Ecatepec, EDOMEX, A. Central s\/n esq. Leona Vicario Col. Valle de An\u00e1huac Secc. A Ecatepec de Morelos, Estado de M\u00e9xico C.P. 55210, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Mar\u00edn de Jes\u00fas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Carrizales-Ya\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordinaci\u00f3n de Innovaci\u00f3n y Aplicaci\u00f3n de la Ciencia y la Tecnolog\u00eda CIACYT, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed, San Luis Potos\u00ed C.P. 78210, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7988-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio Cesar","family":"Rojas-Casta\u00f1eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n, Instituto Nacional de Pediatr\u00eda, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3700-Letra C, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Coyoac\u00e1n, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 04530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6792-2187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Arteaga-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinolog\u00eda Reproductiva, Departamento de Biolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1\u00aa. Secci\u00f3n, Alcald\u00eda Iztapalapa, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico C.P. 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111094","article-title":"Hypothalamo-Pituitary axis and puberty","volume":"520","author":"Spaziani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"Kisspeptins and Puberty","volume":"8","author":"Castellano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Espa\u00f1ola Endocrinol. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Krishna, K.B., and Witchel, S.F. (2024, April 09). Normal and Abnormal Puberty. Endotext [Internet]. 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