{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T13:45:47Z","timestamp":1780321547361,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":180,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32570908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32570908"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32571359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571359"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82470442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470442"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82170429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170429"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2024GZkf-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GZkf-05"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["B18053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B18053"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011635","name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32570908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32570908"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011635","name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32571359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011635","name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011635","name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82170429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170429"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011635","name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024GZkf-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GZkf-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011635","name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B18053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B18053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011635","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the 111 project from the Education Ministry of China","award":["32570908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32570908"]}]},{"name":"the 111 project from the Education Ministry of China","award":["32571359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571359"]}]},{"name":"the 111 project from the Education Ministry of China","award":["82470442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470442"]}]},{"name":"the 111 project from the Education Ministry of China","award":["82170429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170429"]}]},{"name":"the 111 project from the Education Ministry of China","award":["2024GZkf-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GZkf-05"]}]},{"name":"the 111 project from the Education Ministry of China","award":["B18053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B18053"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["32570908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32570908"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["32571359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571359"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["82470442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470442"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["82170429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170429"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["2024GZkf-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GZkf-05"]}]},{"name":"the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["B18053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B18053"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mitochondria, as the metabolic hubs of cells, play a pivotal role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis through dynamic regulation of energy metabolism, redox balance, and calcium signaling. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including heart failure, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and myocardial infarction, remain the leading cause of global mortality, with mitochondrial dysfunction emerging as a unifying pathological mechanism across these conditions. Emerging evidence suggests that impaired mitochondrial transport systems\u2014critical gatekeepers of metabolite flux, ion exchange, and organelle communication\u2014drive disease progression by disrupting bioenergetic efficiency and exacerbating oxidative stress. This review synthesizes current knowledge on mitochondrial transport proteins, such as the voltage-dependent anion channels, transient receptor potential channels, mitochondrial calcium uniporter, and adenine nucleotide translocator, focusing on their structural\u2013functional relationships and dysregulation in CVD pathogenesis. We highlight how aberrant activity of these transporters contributes to hallmark features of cardiac pathology, including metabolic inflexibility, mitochondrial permeability transition pore destabilization, and programmed cell death. Furthermore, we critically evaluate preclinical advances in targeting mitochondrial transport systems through pharmacological modulation, gene editing, and nanoparticle-based delivery strategies. By elucidating the mechanistic interplay between transport protein dysfunction and cardiac metabolic reprogramming, we address a critical knowledge gap in cardiovascular biology and provide a roadmap for developing precision therapies. Our insights underscore the translational potential of mitochondrial transport machinery as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, offering new avenues to combat the growing burden of CVDs in aging populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26178475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T15:02:57Z","timestamp":1756825377000},"page":"8475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mitochondrial Transport Proteins in Cardiovascular Diseases: Metabolic Gatekeepers, Pathogenic Mediators and Therapeutic Targets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Pei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sitong","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueyao","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2803-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinhua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0421-0035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8987-0533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junjie","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7834-8742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongting","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Olvera Lopez, E., Ballard, B.D., and Jan, A. (2025). Cardiovascular Disease. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcae094","article-title":"The Burden and Trends of Heart Failure Caused by Ischaemic Heart Disease at the Global, Regional, and National Levels from 1990 to 2021","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Qual. Care Clin. Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2024). Cardiovascular Diseases. Manual of Molecular and Clinical Laboratory Immunology, Wiley."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Huang, Y., Xu, C., An, P., Luo, Y., Jiao, L., Luo, J., and Li, Y. (2022). Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Therapeutic Perspectives in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232416053"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6653202","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6653202","article-title":"Effects of Ferroptosis on Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"2023","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papageorgiou, A., Sofiou, F.-I., Lembessis, P., Traikov, L.L., Karela, N.-R., Angouras, D.C., and Philippou, A. (2024). Mitochondrial Mutations in Cardiovascular Diseases: Preliminary Findings. Genes, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15111442"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campos, J.C., Bozi, L.H.M., Bechara, L.R.G., Lima, V.M., and Ferreira, J.C.B. (2016). Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cardiac Diseases. Front. Physiol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00479"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.7.1001","article-title":"Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Induced ROS Release: A New Phenomenon Accompanying Induction of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Cardiac Myocytes","volume":"192","author":"Zorov","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farooqui, A.A., and Farooqui, T. (2012). Oxidative Stress in Vertebrates and Invertebrates: Molecular Aspects on Cell Signaling, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118148143"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blagov, A., Kozlov, S., Blokhina, T., Sukhorukov, V., and Orekhov, A. (2022). Targeting Mitochondrial Dynamics Proteins for the Development of Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314741"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maneechote, C., Chattipakorn, S.C., and Chattipakorn, N. (2023). Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Fission\/Fusion-Targeted Therapy in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041182"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saotome, M., Ikoma, T., Hasan, P., and Maekawa, Y. (2019). Cardiac Insulin Resistance in Heart Failure: The Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20143552"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kunji, E.R.S. (2012). 8.9 Structural and Mechanistic Aspects of Mitochondrial Transport Proteins. Comprehensive Biophysics, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374920-8.00814-6"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02253-4","article-title":"Mitochondria in Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Aging: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Advances","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154227","article-title":"Role of Apolipoprotein E in Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiomyocytes","volume":"107","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20210021","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20210021","article-title":"Biomimetic Assembly to Superplastic Metal\u2013Organic Framework Aerogels for Hydrogen Evolution from Seawater Electrolysis","volume":"1","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exploration"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jang, S.-K., Ahn, S.H., Kim, G., Kim, S., Hong, J., Park, K.S., Park, I.-C., and Jin, H.-O. (2024). Inhibition of VDAC1 Oligomerization Blocks Cysteine Deprivation-Induced Ferroptosis via Mitochondrial ROS Suppression. Cell Death Dis., 15.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07216-1"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9246","DOI":"10.1021\/bi4011495","article-title":"ATP Transport through VDAC and the VDAC-Tubulin Complex Probed by Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium MD Simulations","volume":"52","author":"Noskov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-025-02372-5","article-title":"Different Types of Cell Death and Their Interactions in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"11","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4582","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1621384114","article-title":"Major Contribution of the 3\/6\/7 Class of TRPC Channels to Myocardial Ischemia\/Reperfusion and Cellular Hypoxia\/Reoxygenation Injuries","volume":"114","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.8b00773","article-title":"A Selective and Cell-Permeable Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) Inhibitor Preserves Mitochondrial Bioenergetics after Hypoxia\/Reoxygenation Injury","volume":"5","author":"Woods","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Cent. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, B., Huang, B., Wang, Y., Ma, G., and Cai, Z. (2025). Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis Mediated by Estradiol Contributes to Atrial Fibrillation Protection. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 772.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2025.152050"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X19666210421094204","article-title":"Uncoupling Protein 2 as a Pathogenic Determinant and Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases","volume":"20","author":"Stanzione","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E71","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00332.2004","article-title":"Respiratory Uncoupling by UCP1 and UCP2 and Superoxide Generation in Endothelial Cell Mitochondria","volume":"288","author":"Fink","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20121753","article-title":"Physiological and Pathological Roles of Mitochondrial SLC25 Carriers","volume":"454","author":"Baines","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00009.2020","article-title":"The SLC25 Carrier Family: Important Transport Proteins in Mitochondrial Physiology and Pathology","volume":"35","author":"Kunji","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2024.149201","article-title":"Loss-of-Function SLC25A20 Variant Causes Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Translocase Deficiency by Reducing SLC25A20 Protein Stability","volume":"940","author":"Gan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.7.3100","article-title":"BH4 Domain of Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 Family Members Closes Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel and Inhibits Apoptotic Mitochondrial Changes and Cell Death","volume":"97","author":"Shimizu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosencrans, W.M., Queralt-Martin, M., Lessen, H.J., Larimi, M.G., Rajendran, M., Chou, T.-F., Mahalakshmi, R., Sodt, A.J., Yu, T.-Y., and Bezrukov, S.M. (2023). Defining the Roles and Regulation of the Mitochondrial VDAC Isoforms One Molecule at a Time. Biophys. J., 122.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2022.11.700"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-08-0740","article-title":"Proteomic Analysis of the Yeast Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Reveals Accumulation of a Subclass of Preproteins","volume":"17","author":"Zahedi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Argueti-Ostrovsky, S., Barel, S., Kahn, J., and Israelson, A. (2024). VDAC1: A Key Player in the Mitochondrial Landscape of Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15010033"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24869-0","article-title":"Cardiac-Specific Deletion of Voltage Dependent Anion Channel 2 Leads to Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Altering Calcium Homeostasis","volume":"12","author":"Shankar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reina, S., Nibali, S.C., Tomasello, M.F., Magr\u00ec, A., Messina, A., and De Pinto, V. (2022). Voltage Dependent Anion Channel 3 (VDAC3) Protects Mitochondria from Oxidative Stress. Redox Biol., 51.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2022.102264"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20210012","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20210012","article-title":"Nanoscale Electrodeposition: Dimension Control and 3D Conformality","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exploration"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.11.025","article-title":"N6-Methyladenosine Modification of SPOP Relieves Ferroptosis and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Enhancing Ubiquitination of VDAC3","volume":"226","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01464-x","article-title":"TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) Ion Channel Family: Structures, Biological Functions and Therapeutic Interventions for Diseases","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.08.030","article-title":"Canonical Transient Receptor Potential 3 Channels in Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"837","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-019-02289-w","article-title":"TRPC1 as a Negative Regulator for TRPC4 and TRPC5 Channels","volume":"471","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pflug. Arch."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2240","article-title":"Cardioprotection by Klotho through Downregulation of TRPC6 Channels in the Mouse Heart","volume":"3","author":"Xie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thakore, P., Clark, J.E., Aubdool, A.A., Thapa, D., Starr, A., Fraser, P.A., Farrell-Dillon, K., Fernandes, E.S., McFadzean, I., and Brain, S.D. (2024). Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5 (TRPC5): Regulation of Heart Rate and Protection against Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Biomolecules, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14040442"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen, H., Gwathmey, J.K., and Xie, L.-H. (2020). Role of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels in Heart Physiology and Pathophysiology. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2020.00024"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2023.110681","article-title":"Reduction of TRPC1\/TRPC3 Mediated Ca2+-Signaling Protects Oxidative Stress-Induced COPD","volume":"107","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kulkarni, K., Walton, R.D., and Chaigne, S. (2025). Unlocking the Potential of Cardiac TRP Channels Using Knockout Mice Models. Front. Physiol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1585356"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20109","article-title":"Vascular Smooth Muscle TRPV4 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Family Member 4) Channels Regulate Vasoconstriction and Blood Pressure in Obesity","volume":"80","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, P., Gu, Y., Lu, J., Song, M., Hou, W., Li, P., Sun, Y., Wang, J., and Chen, X. (2024). Endothelial TRPV4 Channel Mediates the Vasodilation Induced by Tanshinone IIA. Chem. Biol. Interact., 402.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.111181"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-025-02485-x","article-title":"ATM Knock out Alters Calcium Signalling and Augments Contraction in Skeletal Muscle Cells Differentiated from Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells","volume":"11","author":"Dematteis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalid, A., Ahmed, A.-B., Gill, R., Shaikh, T., Khorsandi, J., and Kia, A. (2025). Molecular Mechanisms of L-Type Calcium Channel Dysregulation in Heart Failure. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125738"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s44318-023-00013-0","article-title":"Structural Insight into the Allosteric Inhibition of Human Sodium-Calcium Exchanger NCX1 by XIP and SEA0400","volume":"43","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23379","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202301040RR","article-title":"Dynamin-Related Protein 1 is a Critical Regulator of Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis during Myocardial Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury","volume":"38","author":"Piao","year":"2024","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, H.-M. (2025). Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26051917"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RP92511","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.92511","article-title":"mitoBKCa Is Functionally Expressed in Murine and Human Breast Cancer Cells and Potentially Contributes to Metabolic Reprogramming","volume":"12","author":"Bischof","year":"2024","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inferrera, F., Marino, Y., Genovese, T., Cuzzocrea, S., Fusco, R., and Di Paola, R. (2025). Mitochondrial Quality Control: Biochemical Mechanism of Cardiovascular Disease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res., 1872.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2025.119906"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, X., Cai, W., Li, Q., Zhao, L., Meng, Y., and Xu, H. (2025). Activation of Lysosomal Ca2+ Channels Mitigates Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative Stress. J. Cell Biol., 224.","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202403104"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00820-1","article-title":"The Roles of Mitochondria in Global and Local Intracellular Calcium Signalling","volume":"26","author":"Ghosh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.281428","article-title":"Na+ Channel Function, Regulation, Structure, Trafficking and Sequestration","volume":"593","author":"Shaw","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tokuyama, T., and Yanagi, S. (2023). Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Heart Diseases. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14101876"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm2308284","article-title":"The Remaining Conundrum of the Role of the Na+\/H+ Exchanger Isoform 1 (NHE1) in Cardiac Physiology and Pathology: Can It Be Rectified?","volume":"23","author":"Karmazyn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monsour, M., Gordon, J., Lockard, G., Alayli, A., and Borlongan, C.V. (2023). Mitochondria in Cell-Based Therapy for Stroke. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12010178"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2009). Epithelial Sodium Channels (ENaC). Br. J. Pharmacol., 158, S137\u2013S138.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2009.00503_9.x"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldin, J.-P., Barth, D., and Fronius, M. (2020). Epithelial Na+ Channel (ENaC) Formed by One or Two Subunits Forms Functional Channels That Respond to Shear Force. Front. Physiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00141"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2786","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-01820-6","article-title":"Piezo Ion Channels: Long-Sought-after Mechanosensors Mediating Hypertension and Hypertensive Nephropathy","volume":"47","author":"Nagase","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48125-3","article-title":"Structural Mechanism of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Slow Inactivation","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-024-01108-x","article-title":"Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Excitable Cells as Drug Targets","volume":"24","author":"Alsaloum","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20210036","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20210036","article-title":"Advanced Microfluidic Devices for Fabricating Multi-structural Hydrogel Microsphere","volume":"1","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exploration"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48474-z","article-title":"Elevated Na Is a Dynamic and Reversible Modulator of Mitochondrial Metabolism in the Heart","volume":"15","author":"Chung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42599-3","article-title":"Cryo-EM Structures of Human Magnesium Channel MRS2 Reveal Gating and Regulatory Mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Lai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-025-00613-5","article-title":"The TRPM7 Chanzyme in Smooth Muscle Cells Drives Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Mice","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2024.02.033","article-title":"ERMA (TMEM94) Is a P-Type ATPase Transporter for Mg2+ Uptake in the Endoplasmic Reticulum","volume":"84","author":"Vishnu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paar, V., Jirak, P., Larbig, R., Zagidullin, N.S., Brandt, M.C., Lichtenauer, M., Hoppe, U.C., and Motloch, L.J. (2019). Pathophysiology of Calcium Mediated Ventricular Arrhythmias and Novel Therapeutic Options with Focus on Gene Therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215304"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nesci, S., and Rubattu, S. (2024). UCP2, a Member of the Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins: An Overview from Physiological to Pathological Roles. Biomedicines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12061307"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.06.008","article-title":"Suppression of Arrhythmia by Enhancing Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uptake in Catecholaminergic Ventricular Tachycardia Models","volume":"2","author":"Schweitzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lotz, C., Herrmann, J., Notz, Q., Meybohm, P., and Kehl, F. (2021). Mitochondria and Pharmacologic Cardiac Conditioning-At the Heart of Ischemic Injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22063224"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2024.102907","article-title":"Unravelling the Complexity of the Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter: Regulation, Tissue Specificity, and Physiological Implications","volume":"121","author":"Serna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10234","article-title":"Integrative Genomics Identifies MCU as an Essential Component of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter","volume":"476","author":"Baughman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-023-01187-0","article-title":"Identity, Structure, and Function of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore: Controversies, Consensus, Recent Advances, and Future Directions","volume":"30","author":"Bernardi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.16078","article-title":"Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Target Neurodegeneration","volume":"180","author":"Pelucchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-018-0038-2","article-title":"Structure of the Receptor-Activated Human TRPC6 and TRPC3 Ion Channels","volume":"28","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-020-0409-1","article-title":"High-Salt Intake Increases TRPC3 Expression and Enhances TRPC3-Mediated Calcium Influx and Systolic Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients","volume":"43","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102968","article-title":"Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Calcium Homeostasis in Heart Failure: Exploring the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Remodeling for Future Therapeutic Innovations","volume":"50","author":"Johnson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-023-0983-0","article-title":"Berberine Alleviates Myocardial Diastolic Dysfunction by Modulating Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission and Ca2+ Homeostasis in a Murine Model of HFpEF","volume":"17","author":"Abudureyimu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109078","article-title":"Calcium Oscillations Optimize the Energetic Efficiency of Mitochondrial Metabolism","volume":"27","author":"Voorsluijs","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2019.11.006","article-title":"OPA1 Regulates Respiratory Supercomplexes Assembly: The Role of Mitochondrial Swelling","volume":"51","author":"Jang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-019-0726-1","article-title":"Increased Calpain-1 in Mitochondria Induces Dilated Heart Failure in Mice: Role of Mitochondrial Superoxide Anion","volume":"114","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000085581.60197.4D","article-title":"Uncoupling Protein-2 Overexpression Inhibits Mitochondrial Death Pathway in Cardiomyocytes","volume":"93","author":"Teshima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1237","article-title":"MICU1 Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Mitochondrial Ca2+\u2013Dependent Antioxidant Response","volume":"66","author":"Ji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2020.05.014","article-title":"Molecular Nature and Regulation of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore(s), Drug Target(s) in Cardioprotection","volume":"144","author":"Carraro","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr063","article-title":"Cation Dyshomeostasis and Cardiomyocyte Necrosis: The Fleckenstein Hypothesis Revisited","volume":"32","author":"Borkowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav4011","article-title":"VDAC Oligomers Form Mitochondrial Pores to Release mtDNA Fragments and Promote Lupus-like Disease","volume":"366","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naert, R., L\u00f3pez-Requena, A., and Talavera, K. (2021). TRPA1 Expression and Pathophysiology in Immune Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111460"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55557-4","article-title":"The Transcriptional Repressor HEY2 Regulates Mitochondrial Oxidative Respiration to Maintain Cardiac Homeostasis","volume":"16","author":"She","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117134","article-title":"Qishen Granule Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Protecting Mitochondrial Function and Reducing Oxidative Stress through Regulation of Sirtuin3","volume":"319","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-05100-4","article-title":"Tripartite Motif 25 Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Degrading P85\u03b1","volume":"13","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, D., Jin, Z., Cao, J., Li, Y., He, T., Zhang, W., Peng, L., Liu, H., Wu, X., and Chen, M. (2023). Leucine Zipper Protein 1 Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice. Redox Biol., 64.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102780"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e223","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.122.321587","article-title":"Critical Role of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity","volume":"132","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cophys.2020.07.016","article-title":"Calcium Regulation of T Cell Metabolism","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20230012","article-title":"Beyond the TCA Cycle: New Insights into Mitochondrial Calcium Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation","volume":"51","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2019.0185","article-title":"Mitochondrial Mechanisms in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy","volume":"44","author":"Gollmer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. J."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06426-x","article-title":"The Mitochondrial ATP-Dependent Potassium Channel (mitoKATP) Controls Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function","volume":"15","author":"Gherardi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.4.439","article-title":"Activation of Mitochondrial ATP-dependent Potassium Channels by Nitric Oxide","volume":"101","author":"Sasaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5507","DOI":"10.2174\/138161282035140911142118","article-title":"Mitochondrial Biogenesis: Pharmacological Approaches","volume":"20","author":"Valero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.109.206771","article-title":"TRPM7-Mediated Ca2+ Signals Confer Fibrogenesis in Human Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"106","author":"Du","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21781","article-title":"NLRP3 Inflammasome in Cardiovascular Diseases: Pathophysiological and Pharmacological Implications","volume":"41","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2025.03.001","article-title":"Uncoupling Protein 3 Protects against Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy via Downregulation of Aspartate","volume":"202","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2023.105985","article-title":"Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Protects against High-Fat-Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in Mice and Dampens Aortic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress","volume":"112","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4219","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae379","article-title":"TRAP1 Drives Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence and Promotes Atherosclerosis via HDAC3-Primed Histone H4 Lysine 12 Lactylation","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155383","article-title":"TMBIM6 Prevents VDAC1 Multimerization and Improves Mitochondrial Quality Control to Reduce Sepsis-Related Myocardial Injury","volume":"140","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01791-7","article-title":"Thiamine-Modified Metabolic Reprogramming of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte under Space Microgravity","volume":"9","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2025.123798","article-title":"Dapagliflozin Promotes Metabolic Reprogramming against Myocardial Infarction through the MAPK-FOXO3-STC1 and HIF-1a-STC1 Pathways","volume":"377","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia, Y., Zhang, X., An, P., Luo, J., and Luo, Y. (2023). Mitochondrial Homeostasis in VSMCs as a Central Hub in Vascular Remodeling. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043483"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6374","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34194-9","article-title":"Myocardial TRPC6-Mediated Zn2+ Influx Induces Beneficial Positive Inotropy through \u03b2-Adrenoceptors","volume":"13","author":"Oda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.23092","article-title":"Increased TRPV4 Channel Expression Enhances and Impairs Blood Vessel Function in Hypertension","volume":"82","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad534","article-title":"The Activator Protein-1 Complex Governs a Vascular Degenerative Transcriptional Programme in Smooth Muscle Cells to Trigger Aortic Dissection and Rupture","volume":"45","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., Wan, S., Qi, J., Hao, Y., An, P., Luo, Y., and Luo, J. (2024). Ameliorative Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Phenotypic Transformation in Human Smooth Muscle Cells with FBN1 Knockdown. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052662"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.26772","article-title":"Conserved and Unique Mitochondrial Target Sequence of TRPV4 Can Independently Regulate Mitochondrial Functions","volume":"93","author":"Acharya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopez-Mateos, D., Narang, K., and Yarov-Yarovoy, V. (2024). Exploring Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Conformations and Protein-Protein Interactions Using AlphaFold2. bioRxiv, 2024.10.15.618559.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.15.618559"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-012-0303-y","article-title":"Cardiac Sodium Channel Nav1.5 Mutations and Cardiac Arrhythmia","volume":"33","author":"Song","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daghbouche-Rubio, N., L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez, J.R., P\u00e9rez-Garc\u00eda, M.T., and Cidad, P. (2022). Vascular Smooth Muscle Ion Channels in Essential Hypertension. Front. Physiol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1016175"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112697","article-title":"Deciphering the Mitochondria-Inflammation Axis: Insights and Therapeutic Strategies for Heart Failure","volume":"139","author":"Zuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069574","article-title":"METTL4-Mediated Mitochondrial DNA N6-Methyldeoxyadenosine Promoting Macrophage Inflammation and Atherosclerosis","volume":"151","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00760-x","article-title":"Mitochondrial Control of Inflammation","volume":"23","author":"Marchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06753-6","article-title":"Structural Insights on TRPV5 Gating by Endogenous Modulators","volume":"9","author":"Hughes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.326154","article-title":"Mitochondrial NNT Promotes Diastolic Dysfunction in Cardiometabolic HFpEF","volume":"136","author":"Pepin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01839-8","article-title":"Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Mechanisms and Advances in Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Zong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"157","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle Abnormalities in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction","volume":"28","author":"Anderson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01688-x","article-title":"Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.322654","article-title":"Mitochondrial GSNOR Alleviates Cardiac Dysfunction via ANT1 Denitrosylation","volume":"133","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e168563","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.168563","article-title":"Mitochondrial Metabolites Predict Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Individuals with Diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Regan","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-006-2911-x","article-title":"Acute Heart Failure\u2014Basic Pathomechanism and New Drug Targets","volume":"31","author":"Rupp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Herz"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camara, A.K.S., Bienengraeber, M., and Stowe, D.F. (2011). Mitochondrial Approaches to Protect against Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury. Front. Physiol., 2.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2011.00013"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2303713120","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2303713120","article-title":"The Mitochondrial ATP Synthase Is a Negative Regulator of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore","volume":"120","author":"Pekson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.33594\/000000151","article-title":"Mitochondrial Hyperacetylation in the Failing Hearts of Obese Patients Mediated Partly by a Reduction in SIRT3: The Involvement of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore","volume":"53","author":"Castillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walkon, L.L., Strubbe-Rivera, J.O., and Bazil, J.N. (2022). Calcium Overload and Mitochondrial Metabolism. Biomolecules, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12121891"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707321","article-title":"Preservation of Mitochondrial Function May Contribute to Cardioprotective Effects of Na+\/Ca2+ Exchanger Inhibitors in Ischaemic\/Reperfused Rat Hearts","volume":"151","author":"Motegi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowalczyk, P., Krych, S., Kramkowski, K., J\u0119czmyk, A., and Hrapkowicz, T. (2024). Effect of Oxidative Stress on Mitochondrial Damage and Repair in Heart Disease and Ischemic Events. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212467"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maiolino, M., Castaldo, P., Lariccia, V., Piccirillo, S., Amoroso, S., and Magi, S. (2017). Essential Role of the Na+-Ca2+ Exchanger (NCX) in Glutamate-Enhanced Cell Survival in Cardiac Cells Exposed to Hypoxia\/Reoxygenation. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13478-x"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq330","article-title":"SLC4A7 Sodium Bicarbonate Co-Transporter Controls Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Ischaemic Coronary Endothelial Cells","volume":"89","author":"Kumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e184134","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI184134","article-title":"Mechanisms of Postischemic Cardiac Death and Protection Following Myocardial Injury","volume":"135","author":"Mastoor","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2018.07.033","article-title":"Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of [RuIV2O(PhCN)4Cl6]","volume":"95","author":"Gushchin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie, S., Sun, Y., Zhao, X., Xiao, Y., Zhou, F., Lin, L., Wang, W., Lin, B., Wang, Z., and Fang, Z. (2024). An Update of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Anthracycline Induced Cardiotoxicity. Front. Pharmacol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1406247"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.05.005","article-title":"The Mitochondrial Transporter Family SLC25: Identification, Properties and Physiopathology","volume":"34","author":"Palmieri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000001301","article-title":"Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 Protects Against Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Promoting Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes","volume":"80","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vahidi Ferdowsi, P., Ahuja, K.D.K., Beckett, J.M., and Myers, S. (2021). TRPV1 Activation by Capsaicin Mediates Glucose Oxidation and ATP Production Independent of Insulin Signalling in Mouse Skeletal Muscle Cells. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061560"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, F., and Zou, M.-H. (2021). Role of the Mitochondrial Protein Import Machinery and Protein Processing in Heart Disease. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.749756"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2010.04.017","article-title":"Mitochondrial Calcium Channels","volume":"584","author":"Hoppe","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, P., Qu, C., Rao, Z., Wu, D., and Zhao, J. (2024). Bidirectional Regulation Mechanism of TRPM2 Channel: Role in Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front. Immunol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1391355"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7024","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1492","article-title":"TRPA1 Mediates Aromatase Inhibitor-Evoked Pain by the Aromatase Substrate Androstenedione","volume":"76","author":"Tonello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wan, S., Qi, J., Xia, Y., Fan, C., Xu, T., Zhang, X., Shi, J., Wang, C., Cheng, Y., and Zhang, D. (2025). Cardiac Slc25a49-Mediated Energy Reprogramming Governs Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy through the G6P\u2013AP-1\u2013Sln Axis. Adv. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202502163"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109699","article-title":"The MCU and MCUb Amino-Terminal Domains Tightly Interact: Mechanisms for Low Conductance Assembly of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Complex","volume":"27","author":"Noble","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2010.09.012","article-title":"Early Administration of Trimetazidine May Prevent or Ameliorate Diabetic Cardiomyopathy","volume":"76","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02801-w","article-title":"Acid Sphingomyelinase Promotes Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Disruption of Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis","volume":"24","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq113","article-title":"Mitochondrial Cyclophilin-D as a Critical Mediator of Ischaemic Preconditioning","volume":"88","author":"Hausenloy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2020","article-title":"Mitochondrial Calcium Exchange in Physiology and Disease","volume":"102","author":"Garbincius","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao, Y., Dong, Y., and Cheng, J. (2017). The Function of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18020248"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2024.101873","article-title":"Deletion of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Adipose Tissue Promotes Energy Expenditure and Alleviates Diet-Induced Obesity","volume":"80","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ait-Aissa, K., Blaszak, S.C., Beutner, G., Tsaih, S.-W., Morgan, G., Santos, J.H., Flister, M.J., Joyce, D.L., Camara, A.K.S., and Gutterman, D.D. (2019). Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Defect in the Heart of Subjects with Coronary Artery Disease. Sci. Rep., 9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43761-y"},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1693694","article-title":"ABT-737 Triggers Caspase-Dependent Inhibition of Platelet Procoagulant Extracellular Vesicle Release during Apoptosis and Secondary Necrosis In Vitro","volume":"119","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng, F., Wu, Y., Dong, X., and Huang, P. (2023). Proton-Activated Chloride Channel: Physiology and Disease. Front. Biosci., 28.","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2801011"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W., Wan, M., Liao, D., Peng, G., Xu, X., Yin, W., Guo, G., Jiang, F., Zhong, W., and He, J. (2017). Identification of Potent Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 Inhibitors from Traditional Chinese Medicine through Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Analysis. BioMed Res. Int., 2017.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4751780"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong, Y., Zhang, W., Liu, W., Bai, C., Zhang, Y., Jiang, Y., and Song, W. (2024). (Pro)Renin Receptor Inhibited ABCA1\/G1 Expression Associated with Low HDL-c and Promoted Atherosclerosis. bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.04.03.588014"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2012.10.006","article-title":"Mammalian P4-ATPases and ABC Transporters and Their Role in Phospholipid Transport","volume":"1831","author":"Coleman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-6082-8_6","article-title":"ABC Transporters, Cholesterol Efflux, and Implications for Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"1276","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghenciu, L.A., Ha\u021began, O.A., Stoicescu, E.R., Iacob, R., and \u0218i\u0219u, A.M. (2024). Emerging Therapeutic Approaches and Genetic Insights in Stargardt Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168859"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2022.07.023","article-title":"Effective Splicing Restoration of a Deep-Intronic ABCA4 Variant in Cone Photoreceptor Precursor Cells by CRISPR\/SpCas9 Approaches","volume":"29","author":"Reuter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.310042","article-title":"Mitochondrial Respiration Is Reduced in Atherosclerosis, Promoting Necrotic Core Formation and Reducing Relative Fibrous Cap Thickness","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01435.x","article-title":"Mammalian Peroxisomal ABC Transporters: From Endogenous Substrates to Pathology and Clinical Significance","volume":"164","author":"Kemp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_166","first-page":"1087","article-title":"Peroxisomal ABC transporters and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy","volume":"28","author":"Geillon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belosludtsev, K.N., Serov, D.A., Ilzorkina, A.I., Starinets, V.S., Dubinin, M.V., Talanov, E.Y., Karagyaur, M.N., Primak, A.L., and Belosludtseva, N.V. (2023). Pharmacological and Genetic Suppression of VDAC1 Alleviates the Development of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial and Fibroblast Cell Cultures upon Hyperglycemic Conditions. Antioxidants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12071459"},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, T., Cao, R.-J., Niu, J.-L., Chen, Z.-H., Mu, S.-Q., Cao, T., Pang, J.-X., and Dong, L.-H. (2024). G6PD Maintains the VSMC Synthetic Phenotype and Accelerates Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia by Inhibiting the VDAC1-Bax-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett., 29.","DOI":"10.1186\/s11658-024-00566-w"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.11.016","article-title":"Resveratrol Protects Cardiomyocytes against Anoxia\/Reoxygenation via Dephosphorylation of VDAC1 by Akt-GSK3 \u03b2 Pathway","volume":"843","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qu, M., and Du, L. (2024). Upregulation of TRPC1 Protects against High Glucose-Induced HUVECs Dysfunction by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 699.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.149560"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2009.02.007","article-title":"The Molecular Composition of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore","volume":"46","author":"Baines","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morota, S., Manolopoulos, T., Eyjolfsson, A., Kimblad, P.-O., Wierup, P., Metzsch, C., Blomquist, S., and Hansson, M.J. (2013). Functional and Pharmacological Characteristics of Permeability Transition in Isolated Human Heart Mitochondria. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067747"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa071142","article-title":"Effect of Cyclosporine on Reperfusion Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction","volume":"359","author":"Piot","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuznetsov, A.V., Javadov, S., Margreiter, R., Grimm, M., Hagenbuchner, J., and Ausserlechner, M.J. (2019). The Role of Mitochondria in the Mechanisms of Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8100454"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.316369","article-title":"MCUb Induction Protects the Heart From Postischemic Remodeling","volume":"127","author":"Huo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Deng, Q., Hou, J., Pasunooti, K.K., Bermea, K., Li, K., Ramirez-Correa, G.A., Yang, X., and Wu, J. (2024). Editorial: Design of Novel Inhibitors for Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury Targeting Ferroptosis. Front. Pharmacol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1475526"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37668","article-title":"Nanoparticle-based Therapeutic Strategies for Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"112","author":"Suzuki","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2018.12.014","article-title":"Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Delivery for Precise Treatment of Myocardial Ischemia\u2013Reperfusion Injury through a Multistage Continuous Targeted Strategy","volume":"16","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2025.101331","article-title":"Harnessing Mitochondrial Transplantation to Target Vascular Inflammation in Cardiovascular Health","volume":"10","author":"Matiuto","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5709","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-61239-6","article-title":"Biotechnological Approaches and Therapeutic Potential of Mitochondria Transfer and Transplantation","volume":"16","author":"Kubat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/17\/8475\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:36:35Z","timestamp":1760034995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/26\/17\/8475"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]},"references-count":180,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms26178475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26178475","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]}}}