{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T18:28:09Z","timestamp":1789064889312,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFIH)","award":["K146669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K146669"]}]},{"name":"University of Debrecen Program for Scientific Publication","award":["K146669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K146669"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extra-osseous calcification refers to the pathological deposition of calcium salts in soft tissues. Its most recognized forms affect the cardiovascular system, leading to vascular and heart valve calcifications. This process is active and regulated, involving the phenotype transition of resident cells into osteo\/chondrogenic lineage. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients frequently suffer from vascular and other soft tissue calcification. OsteoSense dyes are fluorescent imaging agents developed to visualize calcium deposits during bone formation. In addition to its application in bone physiology, it has been used to detect vascular smooth muscle cell calcification in vitro and to evaluate calcification ex vivo. Here, we investigated CKD-associated soft tissue calcification by applying OsteoSense in vivo. CKD was induced by a diet containing adenine and elevated phosphate. OsteoSense (80 nmol\/kg body weight) was injected intravenously through the retro-orbital venous sinus 18 h before the measurement on an IVIS Spectrum In Vivo Imaging System. OsteoSense staining detected calcium deposition in the aorta, kidney, heart, lung, and liver in CKD mice. On the other hand, no calcification occurred in the brain, eye, or spleen. OsteoSense positivity in the calcified soft tissues in CKD mice was associated with increased mRNA levels of osteo\/chondrogenic transcription factors. Our findings demonstrate that OsteoSense is a sensitive and effective tool for detecting soft tissue calcification in vivo, and may be particularly valuable for studies of CKD-related ectopic calcification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26178525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T15:02:57Z","timestamp":1756825377000},"page":"8525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The OsteoSense Imaging Agent Identifies Organ-Specific Patterns of Soft Tissue Calcification in an Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Gr\u00e9ta","family":"Lente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-DE Lend\u00fclet Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Molecular Cell and Immunobiology Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2258-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-DE Lend\u00fclet Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3180-0559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enik\u0151","family":"Balogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-DE Lend\u00fclet Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8059-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D\u00e1vid M\u00e1t\u00e9","family":"Csiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-DE Lend\u00fclet Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1rp\u00e1d","family":"Sz\u00f6\u0151r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikt\u00f3ria","family":"Jeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MTA-DE Lend\u00fclet Vascular Pathophysiology Research Group, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2021.11.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update 2022","volume":"12","author":"Kovesdy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int. 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