{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:21:54Z","timestamp":1783606914287,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":454,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are frequently occurring multifactorial diseases affecting joints. OA and RA may share not only tissue locations but also some molecular mechanisms. We compared different pathologies: anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACCP)-positive RA\u2014the classical \u2018antigen-driven\u2019 pathology, starting in synovia with no signs of inflammatory process; ACCP-negative RA, starting with synovial inflammation triggered by nonspecific factors, which becomes a chronic process due to inherited innate immune peculiarities; and OA, starting with inadequate chondrocyte functioning and cartilage degradation with inflammation as a driving force. Notable coincidences in RA and OA development were revealed: shared mutations of 29 genes encoding molecules involved in immune-inflammatory processes and in ECM production; unidirectional association of OA and ACCP-negative RA with non-genetic triggers; and overactivation of signaling pathways with the same consequences for RA and OA. Innate and adaptive immune responses were involved in OA development. Similar to that observed in RA, lymphoid nodular aggregates were revealed in 30% of OA synovia. Myeloid, and especially pauci-immune and fibroid synovial pathotypes, are possible in OA. Indistinguishable from that in RA, pannuses were found in OA articular tissues. Thus, these coincidences may be evidence of evolution of some OA variants in RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26178742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T10:27:12Z","timestamp":1757500032000},"page":"8742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Joint Tissues: Convergence and Divergence of the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2307-928X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina O.","family":"Korovina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan 420012, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5218-9341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna R.","family":"Valeeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan 420012, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Applied Ecology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4910-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ildar F.","family":"Akhtyamov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Surgery of Extreme Conditions, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan 420012, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5604-3769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wesley","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5098-5002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yves","family":"Renaudineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, CHU Toulouse, INSERM U1291, CNRS U5051, University Toulouse III, 31000 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7541-5743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gayane","family":"Manukyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan 0014, Armenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0584-446X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina I.","family":"Arleevskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan 420012, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00749-9","article-title":"Synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis progression","volume":"18","author":"Coras","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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