{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:05:53Z","timestamp":1758931553581,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Minocycline (MINO), a classic antibiotic, may have psychotropic activity related to the modulation of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway. In this study, we investigated the effects of MINO on (1) memory and anxiety behaviors, (2) the modulation of brain levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and 2,3-indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO1) levels, and (3) peripheral inflammatory markers in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease (sAD). After repeated treatment with a dose of 35 mg\/kg MINO for seven consecutive days, male Wistar rats with sAD showed (1) improvements in early (29 days after injection, probe test) reference memory (decreased latency to reach the platform, increased time in the critical quadrant of the Morris water maze) and anxiety disorders (increased time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze; increased exploration and entrances in the center of the white\u2013light illuminated open field) 45\u201346 and 90\u201391 days after STZ injection; (2) reduced APP and IDO1 levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex; and (3) induction of anti-inflammatory response in blood (increased TCD4+ lymphocyte number and interleukin-10 production). This suggests that MINO, due to its anti-inflammatory action, improves memory and anxiety behavior related to sAD, indicating its neuroprotective and psychotropic properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26199397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T08:31:28Z","timestamp":1758875488000},"page":"9397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Minocycline Treatment Improves Memory and Reduces Anxiety by Lowering Levels of Brain Amyloid Precursor Protein and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6553-4984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"\u015awi\u0105tek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jowita","family":"Nowakowska-Go\u0142acka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6609-6381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"S\u0142omi\u0144ska-Wojew\u00f3dzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Glac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3339-809X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliwia","family":"Harackiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3535-9684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewelina","family":"Kurowska-Ruci\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3859-9966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danuta","family":"Wrona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 59 Wita Stwosza Str, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0414-4","article-title":"The Kynurenine Pathway: A Finger in Every Pie","volume":"25","author":"Savitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. 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