{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T12:35:29Z","timestamp":1781526929619,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is the most prevalent type of diagnosed systemic amyloidosis in Western countries, characterized by the deposition of misfolded immunoglobulin light chains (LCs) in various organs, most commonly the heart and kidneys. Circulating free LC (FLC) measurement, which can be performed by mass spectrometry or antibody-based techniques, is a crucial tool for AL amyloidosis diagnosis, risk assessment, and management. Additionally, diagnosing AL amyloidosis requires accurate detection of LC deposits in tissues. In addition to immunohistochemical techniques, mass spectrometry-based methods are now available.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26199511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T15:38:55Z","timestamp":1759246735000},"page":"9511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Serum and Tissue Light-Chains as Disease Biomarkers in AL Amyloidosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Aimo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7577-6661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu Fu","family":"Ferrari Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8446-8927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Chianca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9745-1582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8110-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Pucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Castiglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0595-2346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Musetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Caponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iacopo","family":"Fabiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Vergaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Franzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Emdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Interdisciplinary Center, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4038-8033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Cardinale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardioncology Unit, Cardioncology and Second Opinion Division, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 20141 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749523","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.749523","article-title":"Incidence and Characterization of Concealed Cardiac Amyloidosis Among Unselected Elderly Patients Undergoing Post-mortem Examination","volume":"8","author":"Porcari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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